ArticleOpen heart
High levels of cathepsin D and cystatin B are associated with increased risk of coronary events.
Article in Open heart. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Proteomic Signatures of High-Risk Coronary Plaque Features and Incident Events.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2026Article
- Insomnia, proteomic characteristics, and mortality risk in depression: a UK Biobank study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals heterogeneous neutrophil populations and diagnostic biomarkers in atherosclerosis.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Plasma Protein Profile Associated With a Family History of Early-Onset Coronary Heart Disease.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2025Article
- Cathepsins in Neurological Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Cathepsin-D and outcomes in peripartum cardiomyopathy: Results from IPAC.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2025Article
- Association of plasma proteomics with incident coronary heart disease in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes: results from the population-based KORA study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
- Cathepsin D elevates the fibrocalcific activity in human aortic valve cells through the ERK1/2-Sox9 pathway.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Investigation of Causal Effects of Protein Biomarkers on Cardiovascular Disease in Persons With HIV.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid proteomic signatures of acutely sleep-deprived humans: an exploratory study.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2023Article
- Lysosomal dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Frontiers in aging · 2023Review
- Gene Expression Analysis inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque: Is There a Molecular Signature?International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Ustekinumab reduces serum protein levels associated with cardiovascular risk in psoriasis vulgaris.Experimental dermatology · 2022Article
- Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Circulating Proteins in 50-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women: a Cross-Sectional Study.Sports medicine - open · 2021Article
- Cathepsin D-Managing the Delicate Balance.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Significances of viable synergistic autophagy-associated cathepsin B and cathepsin D (CTSB/CTSD) as potential biomarkers for sudden cardiac death.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
- Identification of monocyte-associated genes as predictive biomarkers of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.BMC medical genomics · 2021Article
- Changes in salivary proteome before and after cigarette smoking in smokers compared to sham smoking in nonsmokers: A pilot study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2021Article
- The role of cathepsin D in the pathophysiology of heart failure and its potentially beneficial properties: a translational approach.European journal of heart failure · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe majority of acute coronary syndromes are caused by plaque ruptures. Proteases secreted by macrophages play an important role in plaque ruptures by degrading extracellular matrix proteins in the fibrous cap. Matrix metalloproteinases have been shown to be markers for cardiovascular disease whereas the members of the cathepsin protease family are less studied.
methodsCathepsin D, cathepsin L and cystatin B were measured in plasma at baseline from 384 individuals who developed coronary events (CEs), and from 409 age-matched and sex-matched controls from the Malmö Diet and Cancer cardiovascular cohort.
resultsCathepsin D (180 (142-238) vs 163 (128-210), p<0.001), cathepsin L (55 (44-73) vs 52 (43-67), p<0.05) and cystatin B levels (45 (36-57) vs 42 (33-52), p<0.001) were significantly increased in CE cases compared to controls. In addition, increased cathepsin D (220 (165-313) vs 167 (133-211), p<0.001), cathepsin L (61 (46-80) vs 53 (43-68), p<0.05) and cystatin B (46 (38-58) vs 43 (34-54), p<0.05) were associated with prevalent diabetes. Furthermore, cathepsin D and cystatin B were increased in smokers. The HRs for incident CE comparing the highest to the lowest tertile(s) of cathepsin D and cystatin B were 1.34 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.75) and 1.26 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.57), respectively, after adjusting for age, sex, low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio, triglycerides, body mass index, hypertension and glucose, but these associations did not remain significant after further addition of smoking to the model. In addition, cathepsin D was increased in incident CE cases among smokers after adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.
conclusionsThe associations of cathepsin D and cystatin B with future CE provide clinical support for a role of these factors in cardiovascular disease, which for cathepsin D may be of particular importance for smokers.
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