ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2016
The Association Between Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Long-Term Opioid Therapy and All-Cause Mortality.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Recommendations of the second update of the LONTS guidelines : Long-term opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2020Pooled it
- Intervention for hospitalized people with chronic pain and elevated risk for opioid-related harm: A pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of hospital medicine · 2025Trial
- Traumatic cardiac arrest in older adults in the United States.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Substance use and use disorders among Veterans on long-term opioid therapy.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- A Dynamic Model of Opioid Overdose Deaths in Canada during the Co-Occurring Opioid Overdose Crisis and COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Evaluation of adherence monitoring in buprenorphine treatment: A pilot study using timed drug assays to determine accuracy of testing.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Opioids and Sepsis: Elucidating the Role of the Microbiome and microRNA-146.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Correlates of Benzodiazepine Use and Adverse Outcomes Among Patients with Chronic Pain Prescribed Long-term Opioid Therapy.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2019Article
- A conceptual model for understanding post-release opioid-related overdose risk.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2019Review
- Racial disparities in discontinuation of long-term opioid therapy following illicit drug use among black and white patients.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2018Article
- Rational Urine Drug Monitoring in Patients Receiving Opioids for Chronic Pain: Consensus Recommendations.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2018Article
- Article
- Association between process measures and mortality in individuals with opioid use disorders.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Article
- Opioids and Chronic Pain: Where Is the Balance?Current oncology reports · 2016Review
- Capsule Commentary on Gaither et al., The Association Between Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Long-Term Opioid Therapy and All-Cause Mortality.Journal of general internal medicine · 2016Article
- Resilient to Pain: A Model of How Yoga May Decrease Interference Among People Experiencing Chronic Pain.Explore (New York, N.Y.)Article
- Gender Differences in Use of Complementary and Integrative Health by U.S. Military Veterans with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
- Emergency Department Utilization Among People Living With HIV on Chronic Opioid Therapy.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareObservational
- The Effect of Substance Use Disorders on the Association Between Guideline-concordant Long-term Opioid Therapy and All-cause Mortality.Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeFor patients receiving long-term opioid therapy (LtOT), the impact of guideline-concordant care on important clinical outcomes--notably mortality--is largely unknown, even among patients with a high comorbidity and mortality burden (e.g., HIV-infected patients). Our objective was to determine the association between receipt of guideline-concordant LtOT and 1-year all-cause mortality.
methodsAmong HIV-infected and uninfected patients initiating LtOT between 2000 and 2010 through the Department of Veterans Affairs, we used Cox regression with time-updated covariates and propensity-score matched analyses to examine the association between receipt of guideline-concordant care and 1-year all-cause mortality.
resultsOf 17,044 patients initiating LtOT between 2000 and 2010, 1048 patients (6%) died during 1 year of follow-up. Patients receiving psychotherapeutic co-interventions (hazard ratio [HR] 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51-0.75; P < 0.001) or physical rehabilitative therapies (HR 0.81; 95% CI 0.67-0.98; P = 0.03) had a decreased risk of all-cause mortality compared to patients not receiving these services, whereas patients prescribed benzodiazepines concurrent with opioids had a higher risk of mortality (HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.12-1.66; P < 0.001). Among patients with a current substance use disorder (SUD), those receiving SUD treatment had a lower risk of mortality than untreated patients (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.32-0.68; P = < 0.001). No association was found between all-cause mortality and primary care visits (HR 1.12; 95% CI 0.90-1.26; P = 0.32) or urine drug testing (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.78-1.17; P = 0.67).
conclusionsProviders should use caution in initiating LtOT in conjunction with benzodiazepines and untreated SUDs. Patients receiving LtOT may benefit from multi-modal treatment that addresses chronic pain and its associated comorbidities across multiple disciplines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.