Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26847230›Full record

Trial reportThe lancet. HIV2016

Conditional cash transfers and uptake of and retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission care: a randomised controlled trial.

Marcel Yotebieng, Harsha Thirumurthy, Kathryn E Moracco, Bienvenu Kawende, Jean Lambert Chalachala, Landry Kipula Wenzi, Noro Lantoniaina Rosa Ravelomanana, Andrew Edmonds, Deidre Thompson, Emile W Okitolonda and 1 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The lancet. HIV, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01838005 (Conditional Cash Transfers to Increase Uptake of and Retention of PMTCT Services), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01838005 nacompletednot on this map

Conditional Cash Transfers to Increase Uptake of and Retention of PMTCT Services

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of North Carolina, Chapel HillRan2013 to 2015Enrolled433ConditionsHIVArmsConditional cash transfer
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Marcel YotebiengThe Ohio State University, College of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Columbus, OH, USA; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address: yotebieng.2@osu.edu.
Harsha ThirumurthyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Health Policy and Management, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Kathryn E MoraccoThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Health Behavior, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Bienvenu KawendeThe University of Kinshasa, School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Jean Lambert ChalachalaThe University of Kinshasa, School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Landry Kipula WenziThe University of Kinshasa, School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Noro Lantoniaina Rosa RavelomananaThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Andrew EdmondsThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Deidre ThompsonThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Emile W OkitolondaThe University of Kinshasa, School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Frieda BehetsThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Social Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Funding

"Enhancing Cancer Research in Central Africa IeDEA"U01AI096299 · NIAID · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI Denis Nash, Marcel Yotebieng · 2011 to 2026
$35.8M
Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
Conditional cash transfers to increase uptake of and retention of PMTCT servicesR01HD075171 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI YOTEBIENG, MARCEL · 2012 to 2013
$778k
NIAID NIH HHS 1U01AI096299-01NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI096299NICHD NIH HHS 1R01 HD075171NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD075171PEPFAR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNovel strategies are needed to increase retention in and uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) services in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to determine whether small, increasing cash payments, which were conditional on attendance at scheduled clinic visits and receipt of proposed services can increase the proportions of HIV-infected pregnant women who accept available PMTCT services and remain in care.

methodsIn this randomised controlled trial, we recruited newly diagnosed HIV-infected women, who were 32 or less weeks pregnant, from 89 antenatal care clinics in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, and randomly assigned (1:1) them to either the intervention group or the control group using computer-based randomisation with varying block sizes of four, six, and eight. The intervention group received compensation on the condition that they attended scheduled clinic visits and accepted offered PMTCT services (US$5, plus US$1 increment at every subsequent visit), whereas the control group received usual care. Outcomes assessed included retention in care at 6 weeks' post partum and uptake of PMTCT services, measured by attendance of all scheduled clinic visits and acceptance of proposed services up to 6 weeks' post partum. Analyses were by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.org, number NCT01838005.

findingsBetween April 18, 2013, and Aug 30, 2014, 612 potential participants were identified, 545 were screened, and 433 were enrolled and randomly assigned; 217 to the control group and 216 to the intervention group. At 6 weeks' post partum, 174 participants in the intervention group (81%) and 157 in the control group (72%) were retained in care (risk ratio [RR] 1·11; 95% CI 1·00-1·24). 146 participants in the intervention group (68%) and 116 in the control group (54%) attended all clinic visits and accepted proposed services (RR 1·26; 95% CI 1·08-1·48). Results were similar after adjustment for marital status, age, and education.

interpretationAmong women with newly diagnosed HIV, small, incremental cash incentives resulted in increased retention along the PMTCT cascade and uptake of available services. The cost-effectiveness of these incentives and their effect on HIV-free survival warrant further investigation.

fundingPresident's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the National Institute of Health and Child Development.

Indexed as

MotivationAdolescentAdultDemocratic Republic of the CongoFemaleFinancial SupportHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHIV InfectionsHumansInfant, NewbornInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalPatient CompliancePatient Education as TopicPregnancyPrenatal Care

Identifiers

PMID26847230
PMCPMC5485848

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.