Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26846127›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2016

Ethnicity and cardiovascular health inequalities in people with severe mental illnesses: protocol for the E-CHASM study.

J Das-Munshi, M Ashworth, F Gaughran, S Hull, C Morgan, J Nazroo, A Roberts, D Rose, P Schofield, R Stewart and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

J Das-MunshiDepartment of Health Service and Population Research, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, PO 33, London, SE5 8AF, UK. jayati.das-munshi@kcl.ac.uk.
M AshworthDivision of Health and Social Care Research, Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, King's College London, 3rd Floor, Addison House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
F GaughranSouth London and Maudsley Trust and King's College London, London, UK.
S HullCentre for Primary Care and Public Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Yvonne Carter Building, 58 Turner Street, London, E1 2AB, UK.
C MorganDepartment of Health Service and Population Research, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, PO 33, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
J NazrooUniversity of Manchester, Manchester, England.
A RobertsNatural Language Processing Group, Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England.
D RoseDepartment of Health Service and Population Research, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, PO 33, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
P SchofieldDivision of Health and Social Care Research, Department of Primary Care and Public Health Sciences, King's College London, 3rd Floor, Addison House, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
R StewartInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Room M1.06, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
G ThornicroftDepartment of Health Service and Population Research, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, PO 33, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
M J PrinceDepartment of Health Service and Population Research, Centre for Epidemiology and Public Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, PO 33, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
King's College London · GBQueen Mary University of London · GBSouth London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of Manchester · GBUniversity of Sheffield · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K021494/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposePeople with severe mental illnesses (SMI) experience a 17- to 20-year reduction in life expectancy. One-third of deaths are due to cardiovascular disease. This study will establish the relationship of SMI with cardiovascular disease in ethnic minority groups (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, black Caribbean, black African and Irish), in the UK.

methodsE-CHASM is a mixed methods study utilising data from 1.25 million electronic patient records. Secondary analysis of routine patient records will establish if differences in cause-specific mortality, cardiovascular disease prevalence and disparities in accessing healthcare for ethnic minority people living with SMI exist. A nested qualitative study will be used to assess barriers to accessing healthcare, both from the perspectives of service users and providers.

resultsIn primary care, 993,116 individuals, aged 18+, provided data from 186/189 (98 %) practices in four inner-city boroughs (local government areas) in London. Prevalence of SMI according to primary care records, ranged from 1.3-1.7 %, across boroughs. The primary care sample included Bangladeshi [n = 94,643 (10 %)], Indian [n = 6086 (6 %)], Pakistani [n = 35,596 (4 %)], black Caribbean [n = 45,013 (5 %)], black African [n = 75,454 (8 %)] and Irish people [n = 13,745 (1 %)]. In the secondary care database, 12,432 individuals with SMI over 2007-2013 contributed information; prevalent diagnoses were schizophrenia [n = 6805 (55 %)], schizoaffective disorders [n = 1438 (12 %)] and bipolar affective disorder [n = 4112 (33 %)]. Largest ethnic minority groups in this sample were black Caribbean [1432 (12 %)] and black African (1393 (11 %)).

conclusionsThere is a dearth of research examining cardiovascular disease in minority ethnic groups with severe mental illnesses. The E-CHASM study will address this knowledge gap.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesAdultAsian PeopleBipolar DisorderBlack PeopleCardiovascular DiseasesCaribbean RegionEthnicityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMinority GroupsPrevalencePsychotic DisordersQualitative ResearchBipolar affective disorderCardiovascular diseaseEthnicitySchizophreniaSevere mental illness

Identifiers

PMID26846127
PMCPMC4823321
OpenAlexW2264306296

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.