ReviewCurrent opinion in HIV and AIDS2016
Sex differences in HIV-1-mediated immunopathology.
Review in Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Attenuation of HIV-specific T cell responses Among people with HIV on ART following dipyridamole treatment.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2024Trial
- Sex-related differences in markers of immune activation in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients.Biology of sex differences · 2020Trial
- Sex-specific gut mycobiome dysbiosis activates macrophage dectin-1 signaling to drive neurobehavioral deficits in EcoHIV-infected mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Sex differences in immune responses to viruses, bacteria and vaccines.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Factors Influencing HIV Infection.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Getting to the root of HIV transmitted founder virus sequences.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Gonadocorticoids Have Different Effects on the Expression of Toll-like Receptors When Infected with Various HIV-1 Subtypes.Viruses · 2025Article
- Factors mediating and associated with immunological response in women living with HIV in Sweden: A nationwide register-based study.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Aberrant DNA methylation of genes regulating CD4+ T cell HIV-1 reservoir in women with HIV.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- The role of genetic diversity, epigenetic regulation, and sex-based differences in HIV cure research: a comprehensive review.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- Estrogen and viral infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Sex Differences in Metabolic Disorders of Aging and Obesity in People with HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Effects of acute ΔBrain research · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of acute cannabidiol on behavior and the endocannabinoid system in HIV-1 Tat transgenic female and male mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- HIV-Host Cell Interactions.Cells · 2023Review
- The Many Faces of Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infection: A Multifactorial Interconnection.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Longitudinal patterns of inflammatory mediators after acute HIV infection correlate to intact and total reservoir.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Associations between female birth sex and risk of chronic kidney disease development among people with HIV in the USA: A longitudinal, multicentre, cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe article reviews our current knowledge regarding the role of sex and sex hormones in regulating innate immune responses to viral infections, which may account for the described sex differences in immunity to HIV-1. RECENT
findingsProminent sex differences exist in various infectious and autoimmune diseases. Biological mechanisms underlying these differences include the modulation of immunological pathways by sex hormones and gene dosage effects of immunomodulatory genes encoded by the X chromosome. During HIV-1 infections, women have been shown to present with lower viral load levels in primary infection, although their progression to AIDS is faster in comparison with men when accounting for viral load levels in chronic infection. HIV-1-infected women furthermore tend to have higher levels of immune activation and interferon-stimulated gene expression in comparison with men for the same viral load, which has been associated to innate sensing of HIV-1 by Toll-like receptor 7 and the consequent interferon-α production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. SUMMARY: Improvement in understanding the mechanisms associated with sex differences in HIV-1-mediated immunopathology will be critical to take sex differences into consideration when designing experimental and clinical studies in HIV-1-infected populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.