Trial reportThe New England journal of medicine2016
A Randomized Trial Comparing Skin Antiseptic Agents at Cesarean Delivery.
Trial report in The New England journal of medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 58 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antiseptic Skin Preparation for Preventing Surgical Site Infection at Cesarean Delivery: a Randomized Comparative Effectiveness Trial
A Single Site Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-Iodine as Vaginal Preparation Antiseptics for Cesarean Section to Determine Effect on Bacterial Load
Preoperative Chlorhexidine Cloths to Reduce Surgical Site Infection in Non-Scheduled Cesarean Deliveries
The effect of using chlorhexidine gluconate and povidone iodine solution on the healing process before a cesarean section
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 246 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chlorhexidine versus povidone-iodine for surgical site infection prevention: an updated meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of different preoperative antiseptics in preventing a risk of surgical site infections: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of randomized controlled trials.Wideochirurgia i inne techniki maloinwazyjne = Videosurgery and other miniinvasive techniques · 2024Pooled it
- Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Preoperative Antisepsis with Chlorhexidine Versus Povidone-Iodine for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.World journal of surgery · 2020Pooled it
- Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Use of intra-osseous access in adults: a systematic review.Critical care (London, England) · 2016Pooled it
- Comparison of Clinical Outcomes According to Preoperative Skin Preparation in Hip Arthroplasty for Hip Fracture: A 3-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.Clinics in orthopedic surgery · 2026Trial
- Chlorhexidine-alcohol compared with povidone-iodine-alcohol skin antisepsis protocols in major cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial.Intensive care medicine · 2024Trial
- Vaginal cleansing before unscheduled cesarean delivery to reduce infection: a randomized clinical trial.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2023Trial
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- Effect of Surgical Skin Antisepsis on Surgical Site Infections in Patients Undergoing Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA surgery · 2020Trial
- Cluster-randomized crossover trial of chlorhexidine-alcoholBJS open · 2019Trial
- Prophylactic incisional negative pressure wound therapy reduces the risk of surgical site infection after caesarean section in obese women: a pragmatic randomised clinical trial.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2019Trial
- Impact of evidence-based interventions on wound complications after cesarean delivery.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2017Trial
- Prophylactic Wound Vacuum Therapy after Cesarean Section to Prevent Wound Complications in the Obese Population: A Randomized Controlled Trial (the ProVac Study).American journal of perinatology · 2017Trial
- Wound Complication Rates After Staples or Suture for Midline Vertical Skin Closure in Obese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2017Trial
- Risk Factors for Postcesarean Maternal Infection in a Trial of Extended-Spectrum Antibiotic Prophylaxis.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2017Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPreoperative skin antisepsis has the potential to decrease the risk of surgical-site infection. However, evidence is limited to guide the choice of antiseptic agent at cesarean delivery, which is the most common major surgical procedure among women in the United States.
methodsIn this single-center, randomized, controlled trial, we evaluated whether the use of chlorhexidine-alcohol for preoperative skin antisepsis was superior to the use of iodine-alcohol for the prevention of surgical-site infection after cesarean delivery. We randomly assigned patients undergoing cesarean delivery to skin preparation with either chlorhexidine-alcohol or iodine-alcohol. The primary outcome was superficial or deep surgical-site infection within 30 days after cesarean delivery, on the basis of definitions from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
resultsFrom September 2011 through June 2015, a total of 1147 patients were enrolled; 572 patients were assigned to chlorhexidine-alcohol and 575 to iodine-alcohol. In an intention-to-treat analysis, surgical-site infection was diagnosed in 23 patients (4.0%) in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group and in 42 (7.3%) in the iodine-alcohol group (relative risk, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.34 to 0.90; P=0.02). The rate of superficial surgical-site infection was 3.0% in the chlorhexidine-alcohol group and 4.9% in the iodine-alcohol group (P=0.10); the rate of deep infection was 1.0% and 2.4%, respectively (P=0.07). The frequency of adverse skin reactions was similar in the two groups.
conclusionsThe use of chlorhexidine-alcohol for preoperative skin antisepsis resulted in a significantly lower risk of surgical-site infection after cesarean delivery than did the use of iodine-alcohol. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01472549.).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.