Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26843463›Full record

ArticleNature communications2016

GABAergic interneurons form transient layer-specific circuits in early postnatal neocortex.

Paul G Anastasiades, Andre Marques-Smith, Daniel Lyngholm, Tom Lickiss, Sayda Raffiq, Dennis Kätzel, Gero Miesenböck, Simon J B Butt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Thalamic Activity Regulates Interneuron Density in the Developing Visual Thalamus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Interneuron Diversity: How Form Becomes Function.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2025
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Development of Prefrontal Circuits and Cognitive Abilities.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Paul G AnastasiadesDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.
Andre Marques-SmithDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6879-2858
Daniel LyngholmDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3708-0249
Tom LickissDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.
Sayda RaffiqCentre for Neuroscience, Imperial College Faculty of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
Dennis KätzelDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.
Gero MiesenböckDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.
Simon J B ButtDepartment of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council G0700888Medical Research Council G0701225Medical Research Council MR/K004387/1Wellcome Trust 089286/Z/09/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

GABAergic interneurons play key roles in cortical circuits, yet little is known about their early connectivity. Here we use glutamate uncaging and a novel optogenetic strategy to track changes in the afferent and efferent synaptic connections of developing neocortical interneuron subtypes. We find that Nkx2-1-derived interneurons possess functional synaptic connections before emerging pyramidal cell networks. Subsequent interneuron circuit maturation is both subtype and layer dependent. Glutamatergic input onto fast spiking (FS), but not somatostatin-positive, non-FS interneurons increases over development. Interneurons of both subtype located in layers (L) 4 and 5b engage in transient circuits that disappear after the somatosensory critical period. These include a pathway mediated by L5b somatostatin-positive interneurons that specifically targets L4 during the first postnatal week. The innervation patterns of immature cortical interneuron circuits are thus neither static nor progressively strengthened but follow a layer-specific choreography of transient connections that differ from those of the adult brain.

Indexed as

GABAergic NeuronsInterneuronsSynapsesAnimalsAnimals, NewbornCluster AnalysisGreen Fluorescent ProteinsImmunohistochemistryMiceNeocortexNerve NetNuclear ProteinsOptogeneticsPatch-Clamp TechniquesPrincipal Component AnalysisPyramidal CellsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsNkx2-1 protein, mouseNuclear ProteinsThyroid Nuclear Factor 1Transcription Factors

Identifiers

PMID26843463
PMCPMC4743032

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.