ArticleJournal of sleep research2016
Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with low GABA and high glutamate in the insular cortex.
Article in Journal of sleep research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changes in cerebral metabolites in obstructive sleep apnea: a systemic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Peripheral Mononuclear Cells Metabolomics in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS): An Exploratory Pilot Study of Immunometabolic Signatures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sleep-dependent alterations in anterior cingulate cortex excitation-inhibition balance link alterations in BOLD-CSF coupling to cognitive performance in obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Advances in the study of mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea:a narrative review.Sleep and biological rhythms · 2025Review
- The genetic overlap and causal relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and obstructive sleep apnea: a large-scale genomewide cross-trait analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate system dysregulation in a small population of Egyptian children with autism spectrum disorder.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- The effect of hypoxia on interoception in patient with obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2024Article
- Sleep Apnea and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Cause, Correlation, Any Relation?Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Cytosolic Escape of Mitochondrial DNA Triggers cGAS-STING Pathway-Dependent Neuronal PANoptosis in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Non-rapid eye movement sleep slow-wave activity features are associated with amyloid accumulation in older adults with obstructive sleep apnoea.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- Influence of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission on obstructive sleep apnea.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Development and validation of a metabolite index for obstructive sleep apnea across race/ethnicities.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea Disrupts Vigilance-State-Dependent Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Intermittent Hypoxia Interferes with Autocrine Effects of GABA on Insulin Secretion in Postnatal Rodents-Implications for Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- You Cannot Hit Snooze on OSA: Sequelae of Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Functional organization of the insula in men and women with obstructive sleep apnea during Valsalva.Sleep · 2021Article
- Insular functional organization during handgrip in females and males with obstructive sleep apnea.PloS one · 2021Article
- Circulating MicroRNA Profile Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- The role of reactive oxygen species in cognitive impairment associated with sleep apnea.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The insular cortex is injured in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and responds inappropriately to autonomic challenges, suggesting neural reorganization. The objective of this study was to assess whether the neural changes might result from γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate alterations. We studied 14 OSA patients [mean age ± standard deviation (SD): 47.5 ± 10.5 years; nine male; apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): 29.5 ± 15.6 events h(-1) ] and 22 healthy participants (47.5 ± 10.1 years; 11 male), using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to detect GABA and glutamate levels in insular cortices. We localized the cortices with anatomical scans, and measured neurochemical levels from anterior to mid-regions. Left and right anterior insular cortices showed lower GABA and higher glutamate in OSA versus healthy subjects [GABA left: OSA n = 6: 0.36 ± 0.10 (mean ± SD), healthy n = 5: 0.62 ± 0.18; P < 0.05), right: OSA n = 11: 0.27 ± 0.09, healthy n = 14: 0.45 ± 0.16; P < 0.05; glutamate left: OSA n = 6: 1.61 ± 0.32, healthy n = 8: 0.94 ± 0.34; P < 0.05, right: OSA n = 14: 1.26 ± 0.28, healthy n = 19: 1.02 ± 0.28; P < 0.05]. GABA and glutamate levels were correlated only within the healthy group in the left insula (r: -0.9, P < 0.05). The altered anterior insular levels of GABA and glutamate may modify integration and projections to autonomic areas, contributing to the impaired cardiovascular regulation in OSA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.