ArticleMolecular nutrition & food research2016
Disposition of flavonoids via recycling: Direct biliary excretion of enterically or extrahepatically derived flavonoid glucuronides.
Article in Molecular nutrition & food research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Flavonoids.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Application of a Modified In Situ Perfusion Model to Quantify Intestinal Drug Excretion and Transporter-Mediated Interactions after Intravenous Administration.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- Ulcerative colitis therapeutic effects and pharmacokinetics of flexible quercetin nanocrystals prepared with geniposide assistance.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Discovering Skin Anti-Aging Potentials of the Most Abundant Flavone Phytochemical Compound Reported in Siam Violet Pearl, a Medicinal Plant from Thailand by In Silico and In Vitro Assessments.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone in neonatal mice with hypoxia-ischemia related brain injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Luteolin: A promising natural agent in management of pain in chronic conditions.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Effects and Mechanisms of Flavonoids on Cancer Prevention and Therapy: Focus on Gut Microbiota.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
- Developing nutritional component chrysin as a therapeutic agent: Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics consideration, and ADME mechanisms.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2021Review
- Article
- Validation of soy isoflavone intake and its health effects: a review of the development of exposure biomarkers.Nutrition research and practice · 2021Review
- Does Oral Apigenin Have Real Potential for a Therapeutic Effect in the Context of Human Gastrointestinal and Other Cancers?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Rapid intestinal glucuronidation and hepatic glucuronide recycling contributes significantly to the enterohepatic circulation of icaritin and its glucuronides in vivo.Archives of toxicology · 2020Article
- Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of flavonoid glucuronides (wogonoside, baicalin, and apigenin-glucuronide) in the bile and blood samples: Application to a portal vein infusion study.Analytical biochemistry · 2020Article
- Irinotecan-mediated diarrhea is mainly correlated with intestinal exposure to SN-38: Critical role of gut Ugt.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2020Article
- Cellular and molecular alterations induced by low‑dose fisetin in human chronic myeloid leukemia cells.International journal of oncology · 2019Article
- Anthocyanins and Their CMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Article
- Plasma quercetin metabolites are affected by intestinal microbiota of human microbiota-associated mice fed with a quercetin-containing diet.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2019Article
- Pharmacokinetics of B-Ring Unsubstituted Flavones.Pharmaceutics · 2019Review
- Formononetin: A Review of Its Anticancer Potentials and Mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
scopeEnterohepatic recycling is often thought to involve mostly phase II metabolites generated in the liver. This study aims to determine if direct biliary excretion of extrahepatically generated glucuronides would also enable recycling. METHODS AND
resultsConventional and modified intestinal perfusion models along with intestinal and liver microsomes were used to determine the contribution of extrahepatically derived glucuronides. Glucuronidation of four flavonoids (genistein, biochanin A, apigenin, and chrysin at 2.5-20 μM) were generally more rapid in the hepatic than intestinal microsomes. Furthermore, when aglycones (at 10 μM each) were perfused, larger (1.7-9 fold) amounts of glucuronides were found in the bile than in the luminal perfusate. However, higher concentrations of glucuronides were not found in jugular vein than portal vein, and apigenin glucuronide actually displayed a significantly lower concentration in jugular vein (<1 nM) than portal vein (≈4 nM). A direct portal infusion of four flavonoid glucuronides (5.9-10.4 μM perfused at 2 mL/h) showed that the vast majority (>65%) of the glucuronides (except for biochanin A glucuronide) administered were efficiently excreted into the bile.
conclusionDirect biliary excretion of extrahepatically generated flavonoid glucuronides is a highly efficient clearance mechanism, which should enable enterohepatic recycling of flavonoids without hepatic conjugating enzymes.
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