ArticlePloS one2016
Projected Impact of Salt Restriction on Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in China: A Modeling Study.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Policy models for preventative interventions in cardiometabolic diseases: a systematic review.BMC health services research · 2025Pooled it
- Sodium reduction and salt substitutes: impact on blood pressure and recurrent stroke.Current opinion in cardiology · 2026Review
- Highlights from the Manifesto on the Health Economics of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention.PharmacoEconomics · 2025Review
- The potential impact of policies and structural interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease and mortality: a systematic review of simulation-based studies.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of public health and economic impacts of dietary salt reduction initiatives on social security expenditures for cardiovascular disease control in Japan.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Review
- Advances in Reducing Salt Content in Processed Meats with Basic Amino Acids.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Public health economic modelling in evaluations of salt and/or alcohol policies: a systematic scoping review.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Predicting hypertension by obesity- and lipid-related indices in mid-aged and elderly Chinese: a nationwide cohort study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Economic effects of dietary salt reduction policies for cardiovascular disease prevention in Japan: a simulation study of hypothetical scenarios.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Reducing daily salt intake in China by 1 g could prevent almost 9 million cardiovascular events by 2030: a modelling study.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2022Article
- Article
- The association of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to salt with 24-h urinary sodium, potassium excretion and hypertensive status.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Process Evaluation of an Application-Based Salt Reduction Intervention in School Children and Their Families (AppSalt) in China: A Mixed-Methods Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Simulation Modeling for the Economic Evaluation of Population-Based Dietary Policies: A Systematic Scoping Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Article
- Barriers, Enablers, and Perceptions on Dietary Salt Reduction in the Out-of-Home Sectors: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Associations Between Salt-Restriction Spoons and Long-Term Changes in Urinary NaJournal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Operational research to support equitable non-communicable disease policy in low-income and middle-income countries in the sustainable development era: a scoping review.BMJ global health · 2020Article
- Estimated population wide benefits and risks in China of lowering sodium through potassium enriched salt substitution: modelling study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Article
- Effectiveness of health literacy intervention on cardiovascular diseases among university students of Pakistan.BMC health services research · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo estimate the effects of achieving China's national goals for dietary salt (NaCl) reduction or implementing culturally-tailored dietary salt restriction strategies on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention.
methodsThe CVD Policy Model was used to project blood pressure lowering and subsequent downstream prevented CVD that could be achieved by population-wide salt restriction in China. Outcomes were annual CVD events prevented, relative reductions in rates of CVD incidence and mortality, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained, and CVD treatment costs saved.
resultsReducing mean dietary salt intake to 9.0 g/day gradually over 10 years could prevent approximately 197 000 incident annual CVD events [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 173 000-219 000], reduce annual CVD mortality by approximately 2.5% (2.2-2.8%), gain 303 000 annual QALYs (278 000-329 000), and save approximately 1.4 billion international dollars (Int$) in annual CVD costs (Int$; 1.2-1.6 billion). Reducing mean salt intake to 6.0 g/day could approximately double these benefits. Implementing cooking salt-restriction spoons could prevent 183 000 fewer incident CVD cases (153 000-215 000) and avoid Int$1.4 billion in CVD treatment costs annually (1.2-1.7 billion). Implementing a cooking salt substitute strategy could lead to approximately three times the health benefits of the salt-restriction spoon program. More than three-quarters of benefits from any dietary salt reduction strategy would be realized in hypertensive adults.
conclusionChina could derive substantial health gains from implementation of population-wide dietary salt reduction policies. Most health benefits from any dietary salt reduction program would be realized in adults with hypertension.
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