ReviewJournal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)2016
Reward functions of the basal ganglia.
Review in Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 113 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
113 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 247 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of adverse childhood experiences on chronic pain and major depression in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of anaesthesia · 2023Pooled it
- Genome-wide association study of smoking trajectory and meta-analysis of smoking status in 842,000 individuals.Nature communications · 2020Pooled it
- Meta-analytic clustering dissociates brain activity and behavior profiles across reward processing paradigms.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2020Pooled it
- Methylphenidate reorganizes cortical hierarchy through dopaminergic modulation.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Oxytocin, but not vasopressin, decreases willingness to harm others by promoting moral emotions of guilt and shame.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Effects of Kisspeptin on Sexual Brain Processing and Penile Tumescence in Men With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2023Trial
- Expectancy effects on serotonin and dopamine transporters during SSRI treatment of social anxiety disorder: a randomized clinical trial.Translational psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Kisspeptin modulates sexual and emotional brain processing in humans.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2017Trial
- Psychedelics do not always enhance cognitive flexibility: The potential role of time-varying effects on reward learning processes.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- Low Reward and Heightened Threat Neural Activity are Both Associated with Heightened Anhedonia: A Transdiagnostic Perspective.Research square · 2026Article
- Advancing Stroke Recovery Through Operant Conditioning of Corticomuscular Coherence.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2026Review
- Punishments Enhance Reward Learning by Modulating Striatal Prediction Errors.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026Article
- Default mode network activity is related to efficiency in a combined motion error and gambling task.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Apathy and Reduced Voluntary Activity in Older Adults with Parkinson's Disease: Mechanisms, Clinical Assessment, and Rehabilitation Implications.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Review
- Different structural brain patterns and their association with executive function and general cognitive ability in cognitively normal elderly adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Lentiviral Vector Administration into the Mouse Brain.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Long-term sugar consumption alters extracellular dopamine and acetylcholine levels in the nucleus accumbens shell.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Attenuated cognitive control network connectivity as a mechanism in mother-daughter intergenerational transmission of depression: a preliminary study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Regularized CCA identifies sex-specific brain-behavior associations in adolescent psychopathology.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Neural Mechanisms of Feedback Processing and Regulation Recalibration During Neurofeedback Training.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Besides their fundamental movement function evidenced by Parkinsonian deficits, the basal ganglia are involved in processing closely linked non-motor, cognitive and reward information. This review describes the reward functions of three brain structures that are major components of the basal ganglia or are closely associated with the basal ganglia, namely midbrain dopamine neurons, pedunculopontine nucleus, and striatum (caudate nucleus, putamen, nucleus accumbens). Rewards are involved in learning (positive reinforcement), approach behavior, economic choices and positive emotions. The response of dopamine neurons to rewards consists of an early detection component and a subsequent reward component that reflects a prediction error in economic utility, but is unrelated to movement. Dopamine activations to non-rewarded or aversive stimuli reflect physical impact, but not punishment. Neurons in pedunculopontine nucleus project their axons to dopamine neurons and process sensory stimuli, movements and rewards and reward-predicting stimuli without coding outright reward prediction errors. Neurons in striatum, besides their pronounced movement relationships, process rewards irrespective of sensory and motor aspects, integrate reward information into movement activity, code the reward value of individual actions, change their reward-related activity during learning, and code own reward in social situations depending on whose action produces the reward. These data demonstrate a variety of well-characterized reward processes in specific basal ganglia nuclei consistent with an important function in non-motor aspects of motivated behavior.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.