ArticleMucosal immunology2016
Host innate inflammatory factors and staphylococcal protein A influence the duration of human Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage.
Article in Mucosal immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining the role of IgA in a persistent model of Staphylococcus aureus colonization.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Bacterial infections and pathogenic situations: The case ofVirulence · 2025Review
- Nasal microbionts differentially colonize and elicit cytokines in human nasal epithelial organoids.mSphere · 2025Article
- Nasal microbiome inhabitants with anti-Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Strain-specific interspecies interactions between co-isolated pairs of Staphylococcus aureus and Helcococcus kunzii from chronic wounds.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- IL-10 inhibition during immunization improves vaccine-induced protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection.JCI insight · 2024Article
- At Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Stage, the Infectious Spectrum Is Driven by Non-Familial Factors and Anti-CCP Immunization.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Host-microbe interactions in chronic rhinosinusitis biofilms and models for investigation.Biofilm · 2023Review
- Virulence adaption to environment promotes the age-dependent nasal colonization ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- E-Cigarette Aerosols Promote OralCells · 2022Article
- Antigen-Presenting Cells in the Airways: Moderating Asymptomatic Bacterial Carriage.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Article
- Revisiting Bacterial Interference in the Age of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Insights Into Staphylococcus aureus Carriage, Pathogenicity and Potential Control.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2019Review
- Surface Proteins ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2019Review
- Group II Intron RNPs and Reverse Transcriptases: From Retroelements to Research Tools.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology · 2019Review
- Staphylococcus aureus Decolonization of Mice With Monoclonal Antibody Neutralizing Protein A.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Staphylococcus aureus Evasion of Host Immunity in the Setting of Prosthetic Joint Infection: Biofilm and Beyond.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2018Review
- Evaluation of the Pig-Tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) as a Model of Human Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Carriage.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Staphylococcal Protein A Contributes to Persistent Colonization of Mice with Staphylococcus aureus.Journal of bacteriology · 2018Article
- Cessation from Smoking Improves Innate Host Defense and Clearance of Experimentally Inoculated Nasal Staphylococcus aureus.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human Staphylococcus aureus (SA) nasal carriage provides a reservoir for the dissemination of infectious strains; however, factors regulating the establishment and persistence of nasal colonization are mostly unknown. We measured carriage duration and nasal fluid inflammatory markers after nasally inoculating healthy participants with their previously isolated SA strains. Out of 15 studies, 10 resulted in rapid clearance (9±6 days) that corresponded with upregulated chemokines, growth factors, and predominantly Th1-type cytokines, but not interleukin (IL)-17. Nasal SA persistence corresponded with elevated baseline levels of macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, IL-1β, and IL-6, no induction of inflammatory factors after inoculation, and decreased IL-1 receptor antagonist/IL-1β ratio. SA-expressed staphylococcal protein A (SpA) levels correlated positively with carriage duration. Competitive inoculation studies revealed that isogenic SpA knockout (ΔSpA) strains were cleared faster than wild type only in participants with upregulated inflammatory markers after inoculation. The remaining participants did not mount an inflammatory response and did not clear either strain. ΔSpA strains demonstrated lower growth rates in carrier nasal fluids and lower survival rates when incubated with neutrophils. Collectively, the presented studies identify innate immune effectors that cooperatively modulate nasal carriage duration, and confirm SpA as a bacterial codeterminant of SA nasal carriage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.