Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26836982›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in microbiology2016

Self-synthesizing transposons: unexpected key players in the evolution of viruses and defense systems.

Mart Krupovic, Eugene V Koonin

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
30.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Endogenized polinton-like viruses in the dinoflagellateThe Journal of general virology · 2025
    Article
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  3. Natural history of eukaryotic DNA viruses with double jelly-roll major capsid proteins.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
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  15. Viruses Defined by the Position of the Virosphere within the Replicator Space.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021
    Article
  16. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mart KrupovicUnité Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Electronic address: krupovic@pasteur.fr.
Eugene V KooninNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA. Electronic address: koonin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
Institut Pasteur · FRNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Comparative Analysis Of Completely Sequenced GenomesZIALM000073 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI KOONIN, EUGENE V · 2009 to 2025
$43.1M
Finding Protein Sequence Motifs--Methods And ApplicationsZIALM000061 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI KOONIN, EUGENE V · 2009 to 2025
$10.6M
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPLETELY SEQUENCED GENOMESZ01LM000073 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI KOONIN, EUGENE V · 1996 to 2008
$1.2M
Intramural NIH HHS Z01 LM000073
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Self-synthesizing transposons are the largest known transposable elements that encode their own DNA polymerases (DNAP). The Polinton/Maverick family of self-synthesizing transposons is widespread in eukaryotes and abundant in the genomes of some protists. In addition to the DNAP and a retrovirus-like integrase, most of the polintons encode homologs of the major and minor jelly-roll capsid proteins, DNA-packaging ATPase and capsid maturation protease. Therefore, polintons are predicted to alternate between the transposon and viral lifestyles although virion formation remains to be demonstrated. Polintons are related to a group of eukaryotic viruses known as virophages that parasitize on giant viruses of the family Mimiviridae and another recently identified putative family of polinton-like viruses (PLV) predicted to lead a similar, dual life style. Comparative genomic analysis of polintons, virophages, PLV and the other viruses with double-stranded (ds)DNA genomes infecting eukaryotes and prokaryotes suggests that the polintons evolved from bacterial tectiviruses and could have been the ancestors of a broad range of eukaryotic viruses including adenoviruses and members of the proposed order 'Megavirales' as well as linear cytoplasmic plasmids. Recently, a group of predicted self-synthesizing transposons was discovered also in prokaryotes. These elements, denoted casposons, encode a DNAP and a homolog of the CRISPR-associated Cas1 endonuclease that has an integrase activity but no capsid proteins. Thus, unlike polintons, casposons appear to be limited to the transposon life style although they could have evolved from viruses. The casposons are thought to have played a pivotal role in the origin of the prokaryotic adaptive immunity, giving rise to the adaptation module of the CRISPR-Cas systems.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Associated ProteinsCRISPR-Cas SystemsDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseDNA Transposable ElementsDNA, ViralEukaryotaMimiviridaeProkaryotic CellsVirophagesCRISPR-Associated ProteinsDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseDNA Transposable ElementsDNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID26836982
PMCPMC4899294
OpenAlexW2262313354

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.