Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26836786›Full record

ArticleAIDS (London, England)2016

Incidence of stage 3 chronic kidney disease and progression on tenofovir-based regimens.

Hadas Zachor, Rhoderick Machekano, Michelle M Estrella, Peter J Veldkamp, Michele D Zeier, Olalekan A Uthman, Jantjie J Taljaard, Mohammed R Moosa, Jean B Nachega

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in AIDS (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Hadas ZachoraDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA bBiostatistics Unit, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa cDepartment of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA dDepartment of Medicine and Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences eCentre for Evidence-Based Healthcare; Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa fDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK gDepartment of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa hDepartments of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania iDepartments of Epidemiology and International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Rhoderick Machekano
Michelle M Estrella
Peter J Veldkamp
Michele D Zeier
Olalekan A Uthman
Jantjie J Taljaard
Mohammed R Moosa
Jean B Nachega

Funding

Vaccine Response and Immunotherapeutics SWGP30AI094189 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Richard E. Chaisson · 2012 to 2026
$67.0M
Stellenbosch University Clinical Trial Unit, Cape Town, South AfricaUM1AI069521 · NIAID · STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY · PI Shaun Barnabas, Anneke Catharina Hesseling · 2012 to 2026
$21.5M
Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in HIV InfectionK23DK081317 · NIDDK · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ESTRELLA, MICHELLE M · 2009 to 2013
$835k
Training in Renal, GI, Endocrine, and Epithelial BiologyT35DK065521 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI DEFRANCO, DONALD B, JURCZAK, MICHAEL J. · 2004 to 2024
$811k
Africa Centre for Biostatical Excellence: Biostatistics Capacity for HIVD71TW009758 · FIC · STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY · PI MACHEKANO, RHODERICK · 2014 to 2015
$60k
FIC NIH HHS D71 TW009758NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI094189NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069521NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK081317NIDDK NIH HHS T35 DK065521PEPFARWellcome TrustWellcome Trust WT087537MA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe the incidence of rapid kidney function decline (RKFD), and stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) in HIV-1-infected adults initiated on tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy.

methodsA retrospective cohort study at the infectious diseases clinic of Tygerberg Academic Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Patients with more than 3 ml/min per year decline in estimated glomerular filtration were classified as having RKFD, and stage 3 CKD was defined as a value less than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m. We used logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression models to determine factors associated with RKFD and stage 3 CKD.

resultsOf 650 patients, 361 (55%) experienced RKFD and 15 (2%) developed stage 3 CKD during a median interquartile range follow-up time of 54 (46.6-98) weeks. For every 10-year increase in age and 10 ml/min lower baseline estimated glomerular filtration, the odds of RKFD increased by 70% [adjusted odds ratio = 1.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36-2.13] and 57% (adjusted odds ratio = 1.57, 95% CI 1.38-1.80), respectively. Each 10-year older age was associated with a 1.90-fold increased risk of developing stage 3 CKD (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.10-3.29). Women had about four-fold greater risk of stage 3 CKD compared with men (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.96, 95% CI: 1.06-14.74).

conclusionAbout half of our study population developed RKFD but only 2% progressed to stage 3 CKD. Approaches that provide balanced allocation of limited resources toward screening and monitoring for kidney dysfunction and HIV disease management are critically needed in this setting.

Indexed as

AdultAnti-HIV AgentsDisease ProgressionFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHIV InfectionsHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRenal Insufficiency, ChronicRetrospective StudiesSouth AfricaTenofovirAnti-HIV AgentsTenofovir

Identifiers

PMID26836786
PMCPMC5027227

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.