ArticleFrontiers in psychology2015
Chemosensory Communication of Gender Information: Masculinity Bias in Body Odor Perception and Femininity Bias Introduced by Chemosignals During Social Perception.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The influence of olfactory stimuli on social cognition, prejudice and emotions: a systematic review of the literature.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Global Research Trend of Axillary Osmidrosis: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Article
- Human Body Malodor and Deodorants: The Present and the Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Identifying the human olfactory and chemosignaling neural networks using event related fMRI and graph theory.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Past, Present, and Future of Human Chemical Communication Research.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Review
- Is That "Mr." or "Ms." Lemon? An Investigation of Grammatical and Semantic Gender on the Perception of Household Odorants.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Odor Hedonic Perception: An Overview.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Olfaction in the Multisensory Processing of Faces: A Narrative Review of the Influence of Human Body Odors.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Review
- Interdisciplinary challenges for elucidating human olfactory attractiveness.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Review
- How Does Paternal Odor Influence Perception of Fearful and Happy Faces in Infancy?Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesArticle
- Human Body Odour Composites Are Not Perceived More Positively than the Individual Samples.i-PerceptionArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human body odor is a source of important social information. In this study, we explore whether the sex of an individual can be established based on smelling axillary odor and whether exposure to male and female odors biases chemosensory and social perception. In a double-blind, pseudo-randomized application, 31 healthy normosmic heterosexual male and female raters were exposed to male and female chemosignals (odor samples of 27 heterosexual donors collected during a cardio workout) and a no odor sample. Recipients rated chemosensory samples on a masculinity-femininity scale and provided intensity, familiarity and pleasantness ratings. Additionally, the modulation of social perception (gender-neutral faces and personality attributes) and affective introspection (mood) by male and female chemosignals was assessed. Male and female axillary odors were rated as rather masculine, regardless of the sex of the donor. As opposed to the masculinity bias in the odor perception, a femininity bias modulating social perception appeared. A facilitated femininity detection in gender-neutral faces and personality attributes in male and female chemosignals appeared. No chemosensory effect on mood of the rater was observed. The results are discussed with regards to the use of male and female chemosignals in affective and social communication.
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