ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2016
Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation of intranasally administered liposomal formulation of donepezil.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacokinetic Analyses of Liposomal and Non-Liposomal Multivitamin/Mineral Formulations.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Enhance Brain Delivery and Antioxidant Efficacy of a Small-Molecule MAO B Inhibitor for Neurodegenerative Disease Therapy.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Smart Drug-Delivery Approaches for Enhanced Management of Comorbid Conditions in Alzheimer's Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Strategies to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier in Targeted Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Intranasal Delivery: Revolutionizing Neurological Disorder Therapies.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Chromatography and Spectroscopic Technique-based Rapid Characterization of Nano-carrier Pharmaceuticals.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2026Review
- Review
- Targeted Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Early and Late Stages of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Pharmaceutical Formulations and Analytical Methods of Donepezil.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Recent Advances in Donepezil Delivery Systems via the Nose-to-Brain Pathway.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Nanotherapeutic smart approaches for combating Alzheimer's disease and overcoming existing obstacles: A novel eco-friendly green approach.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Role of Liposomes in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Advance Nanotechnology-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Alzheimer's Disease: Advancements and Future Perspectives.Current Alzheimer research · 2025Review
- Brain Delivery Strategies for Biomacromolecular Drugs: Intranasal Administration.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Development of Brain Permeable Drugs and Novel Strategies to Overcome the Brain Barriers for Treatment Purposes.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Nose to brain strategy coupled to nano vesicular system for natural products delivery: Focus on synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Innovative Approaches to Enhancing the Biomedical Properties of Liposomes.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Technological Strategies Applied to Pharmaceutical Systems for Intranasal Administration of Drugs Intended for Neurological Treatments: A Review.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Review
- Review of Intranasal Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Delivery Systems.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Nasal Delivery to the Brain: Harnessing Nanoparticles for Effective Drug Transport.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The adequate amount of drug delivery to the brain in neurological patients is a major problem faced by the physicians. Recent studies suggested that intranasal administration of liposomal formulation may improve the drug delivery to the brain. In the present study, an attempt was made to study the brain bioavailability of commonly used anti-Alzheimer drug donepezil (DNP) liposomal formulation by intranasal route in rats. We adopted the thin layer hydration technique for the preparation of liposomes by using cholesterol, polyethylene glycol, and 1,2-distearyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC). The prepared liposomes were characterized by determining particle size, shape, surface morphology, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro release of DNP. The pharmacokinetic parameters of liposomal DNP in plasma and brain of rats were determined following oral and nasal administration. The results of this study showed that the DNP liposomal formulation was stable with a consistent size (102 ± 3.3 nm) and shape. The prepared liposomes showed high encapsulation efficiency (84.91% ±3 .31%) and sustained-release behavior. The bioavailability of DNP in plasma and brain increased significantly (P<0.05) after administration of liposomal formulation by the intranasal route. Histopathological examination showed that the formulation was safe and free from toxicity. It can be concluded that the nasal administration of liposomal preparation may provide an efficient and reliable mode of drug delivery to the central nervous system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.