ReviewPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences2016
An examination of sex differences in the effects of early-life opiate and alcohol exposure.
Review in Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Mapping brain growth and sex differences across prenatal to postnatal development.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prenatal substance exposure and infant neurodevelopment: a review of magnetic resonance imaging studies.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Review
- Article
- Sex Differences in Human Brain Structure at Birth.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Prenatal exposure to alcohol and its impact on reward processing and substance use in adulthood.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Sex-specific alterations in cognitive control following moderate prenatal alcohol exposure and transient systemic hypoxia ischemia in the rat.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- Breastfeeding and neurodevelopment in infants with prenatal alcohol exposure.Pediatric research · 2024Article
- Sex differences in neonatal outcomes following prenatal opioid exposure.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Sex and age effects on gray matter volume trajectories in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- The interaction of genetic sex and prenatal alcohol exposure on health across the lifespan.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Prenatal heroin exposure alters brain morphology and connectivity in adolescent mice.NMR in biomedicine · 2023Article
- Developmental ethanol exposure has minimal impact on cerebellar microglial dynamics, morphology, and interactions with Purkinje cells during adolescence.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Postnatal ethanol exposure impairs social behavior and operant extinction in the adult female mouse offspring.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Prenatal alcohol exposure results in brain region- and sex-specific changes inFrontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Article
- Effects of prenatal alcohol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure via electronic cigarettes on motor development.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- Alcohol induced increases in sperm Histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation correlate with increased placental CTCF occupancy and altered developmental programming.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The effects of gestational choline supplementation on cerebellar Purkinje cell number in the sheep model of binge alcohol exposure during the first trimester-equivalent.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Persistent autism-relevant behavioral phenotype and social neuropeptide alterations in female mice offspring induced by maternal transfer of PBDE congeners in the commercial mixture DE-71.Archives of toxicology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Early-life exposure to drugs and alcohol is one of the most preventable causes of developmental, behavioural and learning disorders in children. Thus a significant amount of basic, animal and human research has focused on understanding the behavioural consequences and the associated neural effects of exposure to drugs and alcohol during early brain development. Despite this, much of the previous research that has been done on this topic has used predominantly male subjects or rodents. While many of the findings from these male-specific studies may ultimately apply to females, the purpose of this review is to highlight the research that has also examined sex as a factor and found striking differences between the sexes in their response to early-life opiate and alcohol exposure. Finally, we will also provide a framework for scientists interested in examining sex as a factor in future experiments that specifically examine the consequences of early-life drug and alcohol exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.