ArticleScientific reports2016
Bacterial Muramyl Dipeptide (MDP) Restricts Human Cytomegalovirus Replication via an IFN-β-Dependent Pathway.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Administration of the NOD2 Agonist MDP Reduces Cryptosporidium parvum Infection in Neonatal Mice Through IL-22 Involvement.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicles Containing MDP Derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Inhibit HSV-2 Infection by Activating the NOD2-IFN-I Signalling Pathway.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Article
- M6A methylation modification in autoimmune diseases, a promising treatment strategy based on epigenetics.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Review
- Topical N-phosphonacetyl-l-aspartate is a dual action candidate for treating non-melanoma skin cancer.Experimental dermatology · 2023Article
- NOD2 Agonism Counter-Regulates Human Type 2 T Cell Functions in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Cultures: Implications for Atopic Dermatitis.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Associations Between Salivary Bacteriome Diversity and Salivary Human Herpesvirus Detection in Early Childhood: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2021Article
- Transcriptome-Wide High-Throughput m6A Sequencing of Differential m6A Methylation Patterns in the Human Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes Cell Line MH7A.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
- NOD2/c-Jun NHJournal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- NOD1 and NOD2 in inflammatory and infectious diseases.Immunological reviews · 2020Review
- NOD1 and NOD2 Activation by Diverse Stimuli: a Possible Role for Sensing Pathogen-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.Infection and immunity · 2020Review
- Ataxin-3 Links NOD2 and TLR2 Mediated Innate Immune Sensing and Metabolism in Myeloid Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- NOD2 and inflammation: current insights.Journal of inflammation research · 2018Review
- NOD1 and NOD2: Beyond Peptidoglycan Sensing.Trends in immunology · 2017Review
- Role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) and its variants in human cytomegalovirus control in vitro and in vivo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We recently reported that induction of NOD2 by human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) resulted in virus inhibition and upregulation of antiviral and inflammatory cytokines. Here we investigated the effects of muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a bacterial cell wall component that activates NOD2, on HCMV replication and antiviral responses. HCMV infection of human foreskin fibroblasts induced NOD2, the downstream receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIPK2), resulting in phosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). MDP treatment following infection at low multiplicity (MOI = 0.1 PFU/cell) inhibited HCMV in a dose-dependent manner and further induced phosphorylation of TBK1, IRF3 and expression of IFN-β. None of these effects of MDP were observed following infection at multiplicity of 1. In infected NOD2 knocked-down cells MDP did not induce IFN-β, irrespective of MOI. Treatment with MDP before infection also inhibited HCMV, an effect augmented with treatment duration. Treatment with an IFN-β receptor blocking antibody or knockdown of IFN-β significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of MDP on HCMV. MDP treatment before or after infection with herpesvirus 1 did not inhibit its replication. Summarized, NOD2 activation exerts anti-HCMV activities predominantly via IFN-β. Since MDP is a bacterial cell wall component, ongoing microbial exposure may influence HCMV replication.
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