ArticleParasites & vectors2016
Virucidal activity of Haemaphysalis longicornis longicin P4 peptide against tick-borne encephalitis virus surrogate Langat virus.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential mechanisms implied in tick infection by arboviruses and their transmission to vertebrate hosts.Integrative zoology · 2025Review
- Vectorial dynamics underpinning current and future tick-borne virus emergence in Europe.The Journal of general virology · 2024Review
- Article
- Defensins as a promising class of tick antimicrobial peptides: a scoping review.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Article
- A Peroxiredoxin From theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- A Continuing Exploration of Tick-Virus Interactions Using Various Experimental Viral Infections of Hard Ticks.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- Tick-Borne Viruses and Biological Processes at the Tick-Host-Virus Interface.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLongicin is a defensin-like peptide, identified from the midgut epithelium of hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis. Several studies have already shown the antimicrobial and parasiticidal activities of longicin peptide and one of its synthetic partial analogs, longicin P4. In this study, longicin peptides were tested for potential antiviral activity against Langat virus (LGTV), a tick-borne flavivirus.
methodsLongicin P1 and P4 peptides were chemically synthesized. Antiviral activity of the longicin peptides against LGTV was evaluated through in vitro virucidal assays, wherein the antiviral efficacy was determined by reduction in number of viral foci and virus yield. Additionally, longicin P4 was also tested for its activity against human adenovirus, a non-enveloped virus. Lastly, to assess the importance of longicin on the innate antiviral immunity of H. longicornis ticks, gene silencing through RNAi was performed.
resultsLongicin P4 produced significant viral foci reduction and lower virus yield against LGTV, while longicin P1 failed to demonstrate the same results. Conversely, both longicin partial analogs (P1 and P4) did not show significant antiviral activity when tested on adenovirus. In addition, longicin-silenced ticks showed significantly higher virus titer after 7 days post-infection but a significantly lower titer was detected after an additional 14 days of observation as compared to the Luc dsRNA-injected ticks. Mortality in both groups did not show any significant difference.
conclusionOur results suggest that longicin P4 has in vitro antiviral activity against LGTV but not against a non-enveloped virus such as adenovirus. Likewise, though most cationic antimicrobial peptides like longicin act directly on target membranes, the exact mechanism of membrane targeting of longicin P4 in enveloped viruses, such as LGTV, requires further investigation. Lastly, while the in vitro virucidal capacity of longicin P4 was confirmed in this study, the role of the endogenous tick longicin in the antiviral defense of H. longicornis against LGTV still remains to be demonstrated.
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