ReviewTranslational stroke research2016
The Importance of Considering Sex Differences in Translational Stroke Research.
Review in Translational stroke research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect and mechanisms of resveratrol in animal models of ischemic stroke: A systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of dysphagia and risk of pneumonia and mortality in acute stroke patients: a meta-analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Sex as a biological variable in determining the metabolic changes influencing acute ischemic stroke outcomes-Where is the data: A systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Photothrombotic and middle cerebral artery occlusion models produce distinct neurovascular injury and sex-dependent outcomes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- An Epigenetic Switch for Sex-Specific Brain Resilience in Stroke: Targeting HDAC2 to Amplify Endogenous Oxytocin Signaling.ACS central science · 2026Article
- Sex differences in the relationship between household solid fuel use and incident stroke and the mediating role of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Diabetes on Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function, and Neurological Outcomes Following Ischemic Stroke: A Sex-Based Experimental Analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke-Analyses From the German Stroke Registry-Endovascular Treatment.European journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Sex-based differences in inflammatory predictors of outcomes in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy: an inverse probability weighting analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Sex-Specific Epigenetic Dynamics Involving kdm6b and H3K27 Methylation in Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Neurogenesis and Recovery.Neuromolecular medicine · 2024Article
- Leveraging multivariate analysis and adjusted mutual information to improve stroke prediction and interpretability.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2024Article
- Potential diagnostic biomarkers for immunogenic cell death in elderly female patients with ischemic stroke: identification and analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Chronic consequences of ischemic stroke: Profiling brain injury and inflammation in a mouse model with reperfusion.Physiological reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Raising the Bar: Putting Science to Work for the Health of Women.NAM perspectives · 2024Article
- Sex disparities in the risk of intracranial aneurysm rupture: a case-control study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Sex and gender differences in acute stroke care: metrics, access to treatment and outcome. A territorial analysis of the Stroke Code System of Catalonia.European stroke journal · 2023Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Brain Sirtuin-1 and m6A Methylated Sirtuin-1 mRNA, and in Protection with Post-Injury Anti-miR-200c treatment, after Experimental Stroke in Aged Mice.Aging and disease · 2023Article
- Sex differences in mild vascular cognitive impairment: A multimodal transcranial magnetic stimulation study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Selective brain hypothermia attenuates focal cerebral ischemic injury and improves long-term neurological outcome in aged female mice.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and differences between men and women have been documented in incidence, prevalence, and outcome. Here, we reviewed the literature on sex differences in stroke severity, mortality, functional outcome, and response to therapies after ischemic stroke. Many of the sex differences in stroke severity and mortality are explained by differences in baseline demographics such as older age in women. However, women account for more stroke deaths, consistently suffer from worse stroke outcomes, and are more often institutionalized and permanently disabled than men. These sex differences in functional outcome are equalized after treatment with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and women may benefit more from treatment than men. However, this may depend on race, as African-American women have less of a response to tPA than other groups. Regarding endovascular treatments, the few existing studies that have investigated sex differences in stroke outcome point to equal benefit in both sexes; however, many clinical trials are relatively underpowered to detect sex differences. Further, we considered sex-specific effects in animal models of stroke and present recommendations for the performance of stroke studies in female animals. The male-biased use of research animals is distinguished from the clinical situation where there is a disproportionate and growing female stroke population. Stroke in women is greatly understudied, and including both sexes is especially important in both preclinical and clinical studies that evaluate potential stroke therapies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.