ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2016
LLT1 and CD161 Expression in Human Germinal Centers Promotes B Cell Activation and CXCR4 Downregulation.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mining the multifunction of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in hematological malignancies and transplantation immunity: A promising hexagon soldier in immunomodulatory.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- NKR-P1A/CD161: A Multifunctional Immune Receptor at the Crossroads of Antitumor Immunity.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Reed-Sternberg cells express CD161 and lectin-like transcript 1 in Hodgkin lymphoma.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- CD161 and LLT1 expression in immune cell populations of Hodgkin lymphoma tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- MAIT cells modulating the oral lichen planus immune microenvironment: a cellular crosstalk perspective.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- CXCR4: from B-cell development to B cell-mediated diseases.Life science alliance · 2024Review
- Landscape of gut mucosal immune cells showed gap of follicular or memory B cells into plasma cells in immunological non-responders.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Lectin-like Transcript-1 (LLT1) Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Prognostic Significance and Relationship with the Tumor Immune Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Designing Cancer Immunotherapies That Engage T Cells and NK Cells.Annual review of immunology · 2023Review
- Single-cell heterogeneity and dynamic evolution of Ph-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia patient with novel TPR-PDGFRB fusion gene.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2023Article
- B cells in human lymphoid structures.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2022Review
- Aging weakens Th17 cell pathogenicity and ameliorates experimental autoimmune uveitis in mice.Protein & cell · 2022Article
- Article
- LLT1-CD161 Interaction in Cancer: Promises and Challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- CD161 expression and regulation defines rapidly responding effector CD4+ T cells associated with improved survival in HPV16-associated tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Article
- Inhibitory CD161 receptor identified in glioma-infiltrating T cells by single-cell analysis.Cell · 2021Article
- CD161, a promising Immune Checkpoint, correlates with Patient Prognosis: A Pan-cancer Analysis.Journal of Cancer · 2021Article
- An EBNA3A-Mutated Epstein-Barr Virus Retains the Capacity for Lymphomagenesis in a Cord Blood-Humanized Mouse Model.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- The Immune Modulating Properties of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Genetic Etiology Shared by Multiple Sclerosis and Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in genetics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Germinal centers (GCs) are microanatomical structures critical for the development of high-affinity Abs and B cell memory. They are organized into two zones, light and dark, with coordinated roles, controlled by local signaling. The innate lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1) is known to be expressed on B cells, but its functional role in the GC reaction has not been explored. In this study, we report high expression of LLT1 on GC-associated B cells, early plasmablasts, and GC-derived lymphomas. LLT1 expression was readily induced via BCR, CD40, and CpG stimulation on B cells. Unexpectedly, we found high expression of the LLT1 ligand, CD161, on follicular dendritic cells. Triggering of LLT1 supported B cell activation, CD83 upregulation, and CXCR4 downregulation. Overall, these data suggest that LLT1-CD161 interactions play a novel and important role in B cell maturation within the GC in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.