ArticlePloS one2016
Cerebral Apolipoprotein-D Is Hypoglycosylated Compared to Peripheral Tissues and Is Variably Expressed in Mouse and Human Brain Regions.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Lipocalin Apolipoprotein D Functional Portrait: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Pooled it
- Apolipoprotein D acts as a chaperone of Aβ peptide delaying its assembly into amyloid aggregates.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Apolipoprotein D, a Novel Ligand for CD36, Is Essential for Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity.Circulation · 2026Article
- DisConST: Distribution-aware Contrastive Learning for Spatial Domain Identification.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Signal-based spatial domain identification of spatially resolved transcriptomics with multigraph fusion.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- ZDHHC11-mediated palmitoylation alleviates chondrocyte senescence and serves as a therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Apolipoprotein D Expression Dynamics During Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination and Remyelination in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Role and Diagnostic Significance of Apolipoprotein D in Selected Neurodegenerative Disorders.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Astrocyte-derived apolipoprotein D is required for neuronal survival in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- stAA: adversarial graph autoencoder for spatial clustering task of spatially resolved transcriptomics.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Apolipoprotein D as a Potential Biomarker in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Apolipoprotein D in Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Faster skin wound healing predicts survival after myocardial infarction.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Article
- Cerebral Apolipoprotein D Exits the Brain and Accumulates in Peripheral Tissues.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Neuroprotective Effect of Apolipoprotein D in Cuprizone-Induced Cell Line Models: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Apolipoprotein D.Gene · 2020Review
- Early Stage Glycosylation Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Apolipoprotein D Concentration in Human Plasma during Aging and in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.Parkinson's disease · 2018Article
- Protecting cells by protecting their vulnerable lysosomes: Identification of a new mechanism for preserving lysosomal functional integrity upon oxidative stress.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that cerebral apoD levels increase with age and in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, loss of cerebral apoD in the mouse increases sensitivity to lipid peroxidation and accelerates AD pathology. Very little data are available, however, regarding the expression of apoD protein levels in different brain regions. This is important as both brain lipid peroxidation and neurodegeneration occur in a region-specific manner. Here we addressed this using western blotting of seven different regions (olfactory bulb, hippocampus, frontal cortex, striatum, cerebellum, thalamus and brain stem) of the mouse brain. Our data indicate that compared to most brain regions, the hippocampus is deficient in apoD. In comparison to other major organs and tissues (liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal gland, heart and skeletal muscle), brain apoD was approximately 10-fold higher (corrected for total protein levels). Our analysis also revealed that brain apoD was present at a lower apparent molecular weight than tissue and plasma apoD. Utilising peptide N-glycosidase-F and neuraminidase to remove N-glycans and sialic acids, respectively, we found that N-glycan composition (but not sialylation alone) were responsible for this reduction in molecular weight. We extended the studies to an analysis of human brain regions (hippocampus, frontal cortex, temporal cortex and cerebellum) where we found that the hippocampus had the lowest levels of apoD. We also confirmed that human brain apoD was present at a lower molecular weight than in plasma. In conclusion, we demonstrate apoD protein levels are variable across different brain regions, that apoD levels are much higher in the brain compared to other tissues and organs, and that cerebral apoD has a lower molecular weight than peripheral apoD; a phenomenon that is due to the N-glycan content of the protein.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.