Democracy predicts sport and recreation membership: Insights from 52 countries.

Shea M Balish

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Democracy, transparency, economic development, religion, and women on boards of national Olympic committees: Evidence from 89 countries.PloS one · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Shea M BalishCardiovascular Research Unit (CRU), Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Spatial Intelligence for Health Knowledge (SILK) Lab, Department of Environmental Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Electronic address: Shea.Balish@Dal.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although evidence suggests sport and recreation are powerful contributors to worldwide public health, sizable gender differences persist. It is unknown whether country characteristics moderate gender differences across countries. The primary purpose of this study was to examine if countries' levels of democracy and/or gender inequality moderate gender differences in sport and recreation membership across countries. The secondary purpose was to examine if democracy and/or gender inequality predicts overall rates of sport and recreation membership for both males and females. This study involved a nested cross-sectional design and employed the sixth wave (2013) of the world value survey (n

Indexed as

DemocracyInternationalityRecreationAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSex DistributionSexismSportsYoung AdultAthleticsBernoulli modelsCross-countryDemocracyGender differencesHealth behaviour

Identifiers

PMID26826596

DOI10.1016/j.jegh.2015.12.003

PMCPMC7320508

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.