ArticleGlobal public health
In the name of brevity: The problem with binary HIV risk categories.
Article in Global public health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intentions to Use PrEP Among a National Sample of Transgender and Gender-Expansive Youth and Emerging Adults: Examining Gender Minority Stress, Substance Use, and Gender Affirmation.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Article
- Knowledge about HIV-Related Services Among Young Blacks with Diverse Sexual Identities: an Intra-racial Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Engaging community members to ensure culturally specific language is used in research: should I use gay, queer, MSM, or this other new acronym?Research involvement and engagement · 2023Article
- PrEP knowledge, acceptability, and implementation in Ghana: Perspectives of HIV service providers and MSM, trans women, and gender diverse individuals living with HIV.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Sexual and gender minority health in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A scoping review.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2022Article
- A focused multi-state model to estimate the pediatric and adolescent HIV epidemic in Thailand, 2005-2025.PloS one · 2022Article
- FOREST protocol: a qualitative study exploring health and sexuality of transmasculine individuals in France.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Global scoping review of HIV prevention research with transgender people: Transcending from trans-subsumed to trans-centred research.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Correlates of Engagement in HIV Care Among Transgender Women of Color in the United States of America.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Inclusion as illusion: erasing transgender women in research with MSM.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Pilot Results from the First HIV/AIDS Intervention Among Transgender Women in the Middle East: Gender Affirmation and Social Support from Within Trans Communities in Beirut, Lebanon.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Article
- Feasibility and Acceptability of a Behavioral Group Support Intervention Among Transgender Women: A Sexual and Mental Health Mixed-Methods Pilot Study in Beirut, Lebanon.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2019Article
- Access to community-based HIV services among transgender women in Cambodia: findings from a national survey.International journal for equity in health · 2019Article
- Optimising HIV programming for transgender women in Brazil.Culture, health & sexuality · 2019Article
- PrEP and the syndemic of substance use, violence, and HIV among female and male sex workers: a qualitative study in Kisumu, Kenya.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2019Article
- "We are not gays… don't tell me those things": engaging 'hidden' men who have sex with men and transgender women in HIV prevention in Myanmar.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Trends in HIV Terminology: Text Mining and Data Visualization Assessment of International AIDS Conference Abstracts Over 25 Years.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2018Article
- The Elephants in the Room: Sex, HIV, and LGBT Populations in MENA. Intersectionality in Lebanon Comment on "Improving the Quality and Quantity of HIV Data in the Middle East and North Africa: Key Challenges and Ways Forward".International journal of health policy and management · 2017Article
- They Just Don't Get Me: A Qualitative Analysis of Transgender Women's Health Care Experiences and Clinician Interactions.The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care : JANACArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
According to the 'Consolidated Guidelines on HIV Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Care for Key Populations' there are five groups of people at elevated risk of HIV, including 'transgender women or transgender men who have receptive anal sex with men'. Although cost effectiveness strategies and best practice lessons recommend targeting specific populations for HIV prevention, existing risk categories lack specificity, and may in fact cause further confusion. Existing categories of risk often perpetuate notions of gender and sexuality that can erroneously exclude, alienate, and stigmatise those who are at the highest risk and thus should be prioritised. We review the troubled history of the MSM category and the problematic conflation of trans feminine individuals and MSM in much of the existing HIV literature, and how this practice has stymied progress in slowing the HIV epidemic in the most at-risk groups, including those who do not fit neatly into binary notions of gender and sex. We draw from examples in the field, specifically among trans feminine people in Beirut and San Francisco, to illustrate the lived experiences of individuals whose identities may not fit into Euro-Atlantic constructs of HIV prevention categories.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.