ArticleScience advances2015
Enzymatically active biomimetic micropropellers for the penetration of mucin gels.
Article in Science advances, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed.
- Chemotactic Gold Nanozyme-Powered Flasklike Pentosan Nanobots for Tumor-Specific Drug Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Liquid Crystal Polymers as Intrinsically Magnetic and Programmable Soft Materials for Microrobotics.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Thermally assisted microbot transport through high-viscosity media.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- TriMag Microrobots: 3D-Printed Microrobots for Magnetic Actuation, Imaging, and Hyperthermia.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Transport of Adoptive Cell Transfers With Magnetic Helical Microrobots.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- A roadmap for next-generation nanomotors.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Review
- Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.ACS nano · 2025Review
- Magnetic nanostickers for active control of interface-enhanced selective bioadhesion.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Biohybrid Microrobots Based on Jellyfish Stinging Capsules and Janus Particles for In Vitro Deep-Tissue Drug Penetration.Small science · 2025Article
- Ionic Diffusiophoresis of Active Colloids via Galvanic Exchange Reactions.Nano letters · 2025Article
- Progress in enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors in diagnostics and therapeutics.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Review
- Urease-powered micro/nanomotors: Current progress and challenges.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- NIR-II Fluorescent Thermophoretic Nanomotors for Superficial Tumor Photothermal Therapy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Anisotropy, topography and non-newtonian properties of cellular interiors probed by helical magnetic nanobots.Journal of micro-bio robotics · 2025Article
- Stimulus-responsive biomaterials for Helicobacter pylori eradication.Journal of advanced research · 2024Review
- Collaborative treatment of bone injury with water/acid-reactive nanomotors and photothermal effects.iScience · 2024Article
- Towards multifunctional robotic pills.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024Review
- Catalase-Powered Nanobots for Overcoming the Mucus Barrier.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Microrobotics in endodontics: A perspective.International endodontic journal · 2024Review
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the body, mucus provides an important defense mechanism by limiting the penetration of pathogens. It is therefore also a major obstacle for the efficient delivery of particle-based drug carriers. The acidic stomach lining in particular is difficult to overcome because mucin glycoproteins form viscoelastic gels under acidic conditions. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori has developed a strategy to overcome the mucus barrier by producing the enzyme urease, which locally raises the pH and consequently liquefies the mucus. This allows the bacteria to swim through mucus and to reach the epithelial surface. We present an artificial system of reactive magnetic micropropellers that mimic this strategy to move through gastric mucin gels by making use of surface-immobilized urease. The results demonstrate the validity of this biomimetic approach to penetrate biological gels, and show that externally propelled microstructures can actively and reversibly manipulate the physical state of their surroundings, suggesting that such particles could potentially penetrate native mucus.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.