ArticleClinical epigenetics2016
Insulin-like growth factor axis in pregnancies affected by fetal growth disorders.
Article in Clinical epigenetics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Integrating Clinical Factors and Parity-Specific Models with Molecular Biomarkers to Better Predict the Risk of Preterm Birth in Asymptomatic Women.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- IGFBP3 repression driven by inflammation links air pollution to placental and developmental defects.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Correlation between umbilical cord concentration of the growth hormone-IGF axis and small for gestational age: A single-center retrospective, observational study.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Untangling the Epigenetic Web of Fetal Growth: Insights from IGFBP-1 Expression in IUGR Neonates.Indian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Placental malaria induces a unique methylation profile associated with fetal growth restriction.Epigenetics · 2025Article
- Use of a Maternal Genetic Risk Score to Derive and Test a Genetically Customized Fetal Growth Curve.O&G open · 2025Article
- Gestation-Stage Related Changes in the IGF System Components in the Equine Placenta.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of Fetal Overgrowth in Gestational Diabetes: The Potential Role of SOCS2.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Expression of the IGF‑1Ea isoform in human placentas from third trimester normal and idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction singleton pregnancies: Correlations with clinical and histopathological parameters.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- Novel proteomics biomarkers of recurrent pregnancy loss reflect the dysregulation of immune interactions at the maternal-fetal interface.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Insulin-Like Growth Factors, Binding Proteins and Their Role in Pregnancy in Patients With Diabetes.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Review
- The effects of progesterone on immune cellular function at the maternal-fetal interface and in maternal circulation.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2023Review
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Small-for-Gestational-Age: An Insight into the Placental Molecular Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The relationship between obesity-relatedFrontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Further Evidence that an Episode of Premature Labor Is a Pathologic State: Involvement of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System.Fetal diagnosis and therapy · 2023Article
- Mouse fetal growth restriction through parental and fetal immune gene variation and intercellular communications cascade.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Highlighting the trajectory from intrauterine growth restriction to future obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Beta-Sitosterol Promotes Milk Protein and Fat Syntheses-Related Genes in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Increased Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) Concentration in Early Second Trimester Amniotic Fluid and Its Association with Fetal Growth.Metabolites · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInsulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF1 and IGF2) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) are expressed in the placenta and known to regulate fetal growth. DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism which involves addition of methyl group to a cytosine base in the DNA forming a methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotide which is known to silence gene expression. This silences gene expression, potentially altering the expression of IGFs and their binding proteins. This study investigates the relationship between DNA methylation of components of the IGF axis in the placenta and disorders in fetal growth. Placental samples were obtained from cord insertions immediately after delivery from appropriate, small (defined as birthweight <10th percentile for the gestation [SGA]) and macrosomic (defined as birthweight > the 90th percentile for the gestation [LGA]) neonates. Placental DNA methylation, mRNA expression and protein levels of components of the IGF axis were determined by pyrosequencing, rtPCR and Western blotting.
resultsIn the placenta from small for gestational age (SGA) neonates (n = 16), mRNA and protein levels of IGF1 were lower and of IGFBPs (1, 2, 3, 4 and 7) were higher (p < 0.05) compared to appropriately grown neonates (n = 37). In contrast, in the placenta from large for gestational age (LGA) neonates (n = 20), mRNA and protein levels of IGF1 was not different and those of IGFBPs (1, 2, 3 and 4) were lower (p < 0.05) compared to appropriately grown neonates. Compared to appropriately grown neonates, CpG methylation of the promoter regions of IGF1 was higher in SGA neonates. The CpG methylation of the promoter regions of IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP3, IGFBP4 and IGFBP7 was lower in the placenta from SGA neonates as compared to appropriately grown neonates, but was unchanged in the placenta from LGA neonates.
conclusionsOur results suggest that changes in CpG methylation contribute to the changes in gene expression of components of the IGF axis in fetal growth disorders. Differential methylation of the IGF1 gene and its binding proteins is likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of SGA neonates.
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