ArticleJournal of affective disorders2016
Long-term risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in bipolar I disorder: A population-based Cohort Study.
Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between psychiatric disorders and the risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Temporal trends in associations between severe mental illness and risk of cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Bipolar disorder and the risk for stroke incidence and mortality: a meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Pooled it
- Three Distinct Pathways to First Episode Mania and Psychosis: Latent Class Analysis of Antecedent Psychopathology.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Gender Differences in Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Initial-Treatment and Drug-Naïve Bipolar Disorder Patients With Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Bipolar Disorder.Cureus · 2025Review
- Do patients with bipolar disorders have an increased risk of stroke? A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- A History of Suicide Attempt Is Associated with Increased Sympathetic Activation in Bipolar Disorder.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2024Article
- Prediction of medical admissions after psychiatric inpatient hospitalization in bipolar disorder: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Factors associated with suicide attempts in the antecedent illness trajectory of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2023Article
- Antecedents to first episode psychosis and mania: Comparing the initial prodromes of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in a retrospective population cohort.Journal of affective disorders · 2023Article
- Celecoxib for Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Racial differences in pathways to care preceding first episode mania or psychosis: a historical cohort prodromal study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Acetylsalicylic Acid and Mood Disorders: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The genetics of bipolar disorder with obesity and type 2 diabetes.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Review
- Quantification of diet quality utilizing the rapid eating assessment for participants-shortened version in bipolar disorder: Implications for prospective depression and cardiometabolic studies.Journal of affective disorders · 2022Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Combined Low-Dose Lithium and Low-Dose Aspirin: A Pharmacological and Behavioral Proof-of-Concept Study in Rats.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Call to action regarding the vascular-bipolar link: A report from the Vascular Task Force of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders.Bipolar disorders · 2020Review
- Inflammation as a treatment target in mood disorders: review.BJPsych open · 2020Article
- Sex difference in the progression of manic symptoms during acute hospitalization: A prospective pilot study.Brain and behavior · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo estimate the risk of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in patients with bipolar I disorder compared to people without bipolar I disorder.
methodUtilizing a records-linkage system spanning 30 years (1966-1996), a population-based cohort of 334 subjects with bipolar I disorder and 334 age and sex-matched referents from Olmsted County, Minnesota, U.S. was identified. Longitudinal follow-up continued until incident MI or stroke (confirmed by board-certified cardiologist/neurologist), death, or study end date (December 31, 2013). Cox proportional hazards models assessed the hazard ratio (HR) for MI or stroke, adjusting for potential confounders.
resultsThere was an increased risk of fatal or non-fatal MI or stroke (as a composite outcome) in patients with bipolar I disorder [HR 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02, 2.33; p=0.04]. However, after adjusting for baseline cardiovascular risk factors (alcoholism, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking), the risk was no longer significantly increased (HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.76, 1.86; p=0.46). LIMITATIONS: Small sample size for the study design. Findings were not retained after adjustment for cardiovascular disease risk factors. Psychotropic medication use during the follow-up was not ascertained and was not included in the analyses.
conclusionThis study in a geographically defined region in the U.S. demonstrated a significant increased risk of MI or stroke in bipolar I disorder, which was no longer significant after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.