Observational studyPloS one2016
Correlation between Extraocular Muscle Size Measured by Computed Tomography and the Vertical Angle of Deviation in Thyroid Eye Disease.
Observational study in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantification of enlargement of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle in thyroid eye disease.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- StrabNet-CQ: an integrated deep learning framework for automated strabismus classification and quantification using ocular landmark detection.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Eyeball descending identification using MRI-based spatial coordinates in thyroid-associated orbitopathy patients with unilateral upper eyelid retraction.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2025Article
- Analysis of extraocular muscle volumes in idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis patients.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Deep-Learning Based Automated Segmentation and Quantitative Volumetric Analysis of Orbital Muscle and Fat for Diagnosis of Thyroid Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Computer aided volumetric assessment of orbital structures in patients with Graves' orbitopathy: correlation with serum thyroid antiperoxidase antibodies and disease activity.International ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Assessment of the levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-38 in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy patients.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging approaches to Graves' ophthalmopathy: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Age-related difference in extraocular muscles and its relation to clinical manifestations in an ethnically homogenous group of patients with Graves' orbitopathy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2022Article
- Prognostic factors of restrictive myopathy in thyroid eye disease.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate extraocular muscle (EOM) volume and cross-sectional area using computed tomography (CT), and to determine the relationship between EOM size and the vertical angle of deviation in thyroid eye disease (TED). Twenty-nine TED patients (58 orbits) with vertical strabismus were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination including prism, alternate cover, and Krimsky tests. Orbital CT scans were also performed on each patient. Digital image analysis was used to quantify superior rectus (SR) and inferior rectus (IR) muscle cross-sectional areas and volumes. Measurements were compared with those of controls. The correlation between muscle size and degree of vertical angle deviation was evaluated. The mean vertical angle of deviation was 26.2 ± 4.1 prism diopters. The TED group had a greater maximum cross-sectional area and EOM volume in the SR and IR than the control group (all p<0.001). Area and volume of the IR were correlated with the angle of deviation, but the SR alone did not show a significant correlation. The maximum cross-sectional area and volume of [Right IR + Left SR - Right SR - Left IR] was strongly correlated with the vertical angle of deviation (P<0.001). Quantitative CT of the orbit with evaluation of the area and volume of EOMs may be helpful in anticipating and monitoring vertical strabismus in TED patients.
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