Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26815602›Full record

ReviewChemical reviews2016

An Empirical Polarizable Force Field Based on the Classical Drude Oscillator Model: Development History and Recent Applications.

Justin A Lemkul, Jing Huang, Benoît Roux, Alexander D MacKerell

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chemical reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 245 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
245citing papers in PubMed
35.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

245 citing papers in PubMed, 628 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  11. ABEEM/MM Magnesium Force Field for Proteins and Aqueous Solutions.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Investigating the electrostatics underlying activation of the βBiochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Force fields matter in DNA polProtein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026
    Article
  19. Computational Ligand-Binding Site Prediction.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
    Review
  20. Review

185 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Justin A LemkulDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.
Jing HuangDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.
Benoît RouxDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.
Alexander D MacKerellDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore , Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States.
University of Maryland, Baltimore · USUniversity of Chicago · US

Funding

Polarizable Force Field for Proteins and LipidsR01GM072558 · NIGMS · WEILL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CORNELL UNIV · PI ROUX, BENOIT · 2005 to 2023
$5.1M
Oligonucleotide Conformational HeterogeneityR01GM051501 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MACKERELL, ALEXANDER D · 2003 to 2018
$3.6M
Carbohydrate force fields for structure, dynamics and molecular recognitionR01GM070855 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MACKERELL, ALEXANDER D · 2005 to 2018
$3.5M
Exploring RNA Folding and Dynamics Using a Polarizable Force FieldF32GM109632 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LEMKUL, JUSTIN ALAN · 2014 to 2016
$164k
HALOGEN FREE ENERGY DATABASE FOR RATIONAL DRUG DESIGNR29GM051501 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI MACKERELL, ALEXANDER D. · 1996 to 2000
$108k
NIGMS NIH HHS F32 GM109632NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM051501NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM070855NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM072558NIGMS NIH HHS R29 GM051501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Molecular mechanics force fields that explicitly account for induced polarization represent the next generation of physical models for molecular dynamics simulations. Several methods exist for modeling induced polarization, and here we review the classical Drude oscillator model, in which electronic degrees of freedom are modeled by charged particles attached to the nuclei of their core atoms by harmonic springs. We describe the latest developments in Drude force field parametrization and application, primarily in the last 15 years. Emphasis is placed on the Drude-2013 polarizable force field for proteins, DNA, lipids, and carbohydrates. We discuss its parametrization protocol, development history, and recent simulations of biologically interesting systems, highlighting specific studies in which induced polarization plays a critical role in reproducing experimental observables and understanding physical behavior. As the Drude oscillator model is computationally tractable and available in a wide range of simulation packages, it is anticipated that use of these more complex physical models will lead to new and important discoveries of the physical forces driving a range of chemical and biological phenomena.

Indexed as

Molecular Dynamics SimulationCarbohydratesDNALipidsProteinsCarbohydratesDNALipidsProteins

Identifiers

PMID26815602
PMCPMC4865892
OpenAlexW2337762266

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.