ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2016
The Severity of Visceral Leishmaniasis Correlates with Elevated Levels of Serum IL-6, IL-27 and sCD14.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative transcriptomics and hypothesis-driven transfer machine learning reveal conserved and species-specific host-parasite dynamics acrossFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Use of N-acetylcysteine as treatment adjuvant regulates immune response in visceral leishmaniasis: Pilot clinical trial andFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Trial
- IgG3 and IL10 are effective biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic effectiveness in Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Trial
- An Insight Into Systemic Immune Response inFrontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Lymphocyte-mediated immune responses to Leishmania infection.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Assessment of Systemic Inflammation as a Tool for Estimating the Risk of Death by Visceral Leishmaniasis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Interleukin-8 Predicts Fatal Kala-Azar: A Case-Control Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association study analysis of single nucleotide variants inParasitology · 2025Article
- Immune-Pathological Correlates of Disease Severity in New-World Kala-Azar: The Role of Parasite Load and Cytokine Profiles.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Proteomic Profiling Identifies MARCO in Extracellular Vesicles, as a Potential Biomarker for Leishmaniasis in HIV Co-Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The F1F3 recombinant chimera induced higher vaccine efficacy than its independent F1 and F3 components againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Design and development of highly conserved, HLA-promiscuous T cell multiepitope vaccines against human visceral leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Concomitant use of anti-leishmanial therapy and antibacterial prophylaxis reduces plasma LPS levels and improves several aspects of experimental Leishmania infantum infection in golden hamsters.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- High resolution capillary western blot analysis of antibody reactivity in human visceral leishmaniasis.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2025Article
- Altered purinergic P2X7 and ABiomedical journal · 2024Article
- Cytokine profiles, blood parasite load and clinical features of visceral leishmaniasis in West Pokot County, Kenya.Parasitology · 2024Article
- An integrated analysis of the structural changes and gene expression of spleen in human visceral leishmaniasis with and without HIV coinfection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Refinement of the rKLi8.3-Based Serodiagnostic ELISA Allows Detection of Canine Leishmaniosis in Dogs with Low Antibody Titers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The development and maintenance of immunity against visceral leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- MR1 blockade drives differential impact on integrative signatures based on circuits of circulating immune cells and soluble mediators in visceral leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe disease caused by infection with protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Classic VL is characterized by a systemic infection of phagocytic cells and an intense activation of the inflammatory response. It is unclear why 90% of infected individuals do not develop the disease while a minority develop the classical form. Furthermore, among those that develop disease, a small group progresses to more severe form that is unresponsive to treatment. The presence of inflammatory mediators in serum could theoretically help to control the infection. However, there is also a release of anti-inflammatory mediators that could interfere with the control of parasite multiplication. In this study, we took advantage of the spectrum of outcomes to test the hypothesis that the immune profile of individuals infected with Leishmania (L.) infantum is associated with the development and severity of disease. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsSera from patients with confirmed diagnosis of VL were evaluated for the presence of numerous molecules, and levels compared with healthy control and asymptomatic infected individuals. CONCLUSIONS/PRINCIPAL
findingsAlthough differences were not observed in LPS levels, higher levels of sCD14 were detected in VL patients. Our data suggest that L. infantum may activate the inflammatory response via CD14, stimulating a generalized inflammatory response with production of several cytokines and soluble molecules, including IFN-γ, IL-27, IL-10, IL-6 and sCD14. These molecules were strongly associated with hepatosplenomegaly, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. We also observed that IL-6 levels greater than 200 pg/ml were strongly associated with death. Together our data reinforce the close relationship of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-6, TNF-α and IL-27 in the immune dynamics of VL and suggest the direct participation of sCD14 in the activation of the immune response against L. infantum.
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