Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26813669›Full record

ArticleBMC medical research methodology2016

Patient responses to research recruitment and follow-up surveys: findings from a diverse multicultural health care setting in Qatar.

Amal Khidir, Humna Asad, Huda Abdelrahim, Maha Elnashar, Amal Killawi, Maya Hammoud, Abdul Latif Al-Khal, Pascale Haddad, Michael D Fetters

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Amal KhidirPediatric Clerkship, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar. amk2005@qatar-med.cornell.edu.
Humna AsadWeill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Huda AbdelrahimThe Center for Cultural Competence in Healthcare, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Maha ElnasharThe Center for Cultural Competence in Healthcare, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Amal KillawiDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104-1213, USA.
Maya HammoudUniversity of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, L4000 Women's, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Abdul Latif Al-KhalDepartment of Medical Education, Hamad General Hospital, PO Box 3050, Doha, Qatar.
Pascale HaddadBiostatistics, Epidemiology and Biomathematics Research Core, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, PO Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Michael D FettersDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, 1018 Fuller Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104-1213, USA.
Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar · QAUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USCornell University · USHamad General Hospital · QAInstitute of Japanese Studies · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHealth care researchers working in the Arabian Gulf need information on how to optimize recruitment and retention of study participants in extremely culturally diverse settings. Implemented in Doha, Qatar in 2012 with 4 language groups, namely Arabic, English, Hindi, and Urdu, this research documents persons' responses to recruitment, consent, follow-up, and reminder procedures during psychometric testing of the Multicultural Assessment Instrument (MAI), a novel self- or interviewer-administered survey.

methodsBilingual research assistants recruited adults in outpatient clinics by approaching persons in particular who appeared to be from a target language group. Participants completed the MAI, a second acculturation instrument used for content-validity assessment, and a demographics questionnaire. Participants were asked to take the MAI again in 2-3 weeks, in person or by post, to assess test-retest reliability. Recruitment data were analyzed by using nonparametric statistics.

resultsOf 1503 persons approached during recruitment, 400 enrolled (27%)-100 per language group. The enrollment rates in the language groups were: Arabic-32%; English-33%; Hindi-18%; Urdu-30%. The groups varied somewhat in their preferences regarding consent procedure, follow-up survey administration, contact mode for follow-up reminders, and disclosure of personal mailing address (for postal follow-up). Over all, telephone was the preferred medium for follow-up reminders. Of 64 persons who accepted a research assistant's invitation for in-person follow-up, 40 participants completed the interview (follow-up rate, 63%); among 126 persons in the postal group with a deliverable address, 29 participants mailed back a completed follow-up survey (response rate, 23%).

conclusionsResearchers in the Arabian Gulf face challenges to successfully identify, enroll, and retain eligible study participants. Although bilingual assistants-often from the persons' own culture-recruited face-to-face, and our questionnaire contained no health care-related content, many persons were reluctant to participate. This occurrence was observed especially at follow-up, particularly among participants who had agreed to follow-up by post.

Indexed as

Patient SelectionSurveys and QuestionnairesAdolescentAdultAgedAmbulatory Care FacilitiesCultural DiversityFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHealth Services ResearchHumansMaleMiddle AgedPatient ParticipationPsychometricsQatar

Identifiers

PMID26813669
PMCPMC4728787
OpenAlexW2272231959

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.