Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26811383›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2016

MEF2C regulates outflow tract alignment and transcriptional control of Tdgf1.

Ralston M Barnes, Ian S Harris, Eric J Jaehnig, Kimberly Sauls, Tanvi Sinha, Anabel Rojas, William Schachterle, David J McCulley, Russell A Norris, Brian L Black

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Modelling Tetralogy of Fallot: insights and limitations of animal models.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Molecular Pathways and Animal Models of d-Transposition of the Great Arteries.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Drosophila as a Model to Understand Second Heart Field Development.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ralston M BarnesCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA.
Ian S HarrisCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Eric J JaehnigCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA.
Kimberly SaulsCardiovascular Developmental Biology Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Tanvi SinhaCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA.
Anabel RojasCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA.
William SchachterleCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA.
David J McCulleyCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA.
Russell A NorrisCardiovascular Developmental Biology Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Brian L BlackCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-3120, USA Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA brian.black@ucsf.edu.
University of California, San Francisco · USMedical University of South Carolina · US

Funding

Transcriptional Networks During Cardiac DifferentiationP01HL089707 · NHLBI · J. DAVID GLADSTONE INSTITUTES · PI BRUNEAU, BENOIT GAETAN · 2008 to 2017
$20.4M
Targeted Nano-therapeutics for Neural RegenerationP20GM103444 · NIGMS · CLEMSON UNIVERSITY · PI LATOUR, ROBERT A · 2012 to 2018
$14.9M
PREDOCTORAL TRAINING IN BIOMEDICAL SCIENCEST32GM008568 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI ANSEL, KARL MARK · 1995 to 2019
$6.3M
Institutional Clinical and Translational Science AwardKL2TR000428 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI DREZNER, MARC KENNETH · 2012 to 2016
$6.2M
Regulation of cardiovascular transcriptionR01HL064658 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BLACK, BRIAN L · 2000 to 2019
$5.4M
Training in Developmental Cardiovascular BiologyT32HL007544 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SRIVASTAVA, DEEPAK · 1985 to 2021
$4.5M
Genetics and Mechanisms of Mitral Valve ProlapseR01HL127692 · NHLBI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI MILAN, DAVID J, SLAUGENHAUPT, SUSAN A · 2015 to 2018
$3.0M
EXTRAMURAL RESEARCH FACILITIES CONSTRUCTIONC06RR018823 · NCRR · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI RAYMOND, JOHN R · 2003 to 2003
$2.9M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000428NCRR NIH HHS C06 RR018823NHLBI NIH HHS HL127692NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL089707NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL064658NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL127692NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007544NIGMS NIH HHS GM103444NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103444NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008568
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defects in humans, and those that affect the proper alignment of the outflow tracts and septation of the ventricles are a highly significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. A late differentiating population of cardiac progenitors, referred to as the anterior second heart field (AHF), gives rise to the outflow tract and the majority of the right ventricle and provides an embryological context for understanding cardiac outflow tract alignment and membranous ventricular septal defects. However, the transcriptional pathways controlling AHF development and their roles in congenital heart defects remain incompletely elucidated. Here, we inactivated the gene encoding the transcription factor MEF2C in the AHF in mice. Loss of Mef2c function in the AHF results in a spectrum of outflow tract alignment defects ranging from overriding aorta to double-outlet right ventricle and dextro-transposition of the great arteries. We identify Tdgf1, which encodes a Nodal co-receptor (also known as Cripto), as a direct transcriptional target of MEF2C in the outflow tract via an AHF-restricted Tdgf1 enhancer. Importantly, both the MEF2C and TDGF1 genes are associated with congenital heart defects in humans. Thus, these studies establish a direct transcriptional pathway between the core cardiac transcription factor MEF2C and the human congenital heart disease gene TDGF1. Moreover, we found a range of outflow tract alignment defects resulting from a single genetic lesion, supporting the idea that AHF-derived outflow tract alignment defects may constitute an embryological spectrum rather than distinct anomalies.

Indexed as

Gene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalAnimalsAnimals, NewbornDisease Models, AnimalEpidermal Growth FactorFemaleGene DeletionHeartHeart Defects, CongenitalHeart Septal Defects, VentricularHeart VentriclesHumansIn Situ HybridizationMaleMEF2 Transcription FactorsMembrane GlycoproteinsEpidermal Growth FactorMef2c protein, mouseMEF2 Transcription FactorsMembrane GlycoproteinsNeoplasm ProteinsTdgf1 protein, mouseCriptoEnhancerHeart developmentMEF2MouseTdgf1

Identifiers

PMID26811383
PMCPMC4813332
OpenAlexW2298369384

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.