ArticleAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology2016
Periodontal disease and risk of all cancers among male never smokers: an updated analysis of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study.
Article in Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 217 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodontal Disease and Incidence of Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.International dental journal · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of oral health with colorectal cancer risk: accumulated evidences from observational studies.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Association between periodontal disease and prostatic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.The Canadian journal of urology · 2026Pooled it
- Is There Any Association Between Periodontitis and Prostatic Alterations? A Systematic Review.The Prostate · 2025Pooled it
- Periodontitis as a risk factor for colorectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Is periodontal disease a risk indicator for urogenital cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Association between periodontal disease and prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2021Pooled it
- Smoking and Drinking Adjusted Association between Head and Neck Cancers and Oral Health Status Related to Periodontitis: a Meta-Analysis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2021Pooled it
- Potential risk of certain cancers among patients with Periodontitis: a supplementary meta-analysis of a large-scale population.International journal of medical sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Periodontal Disease, Tooth Loss, and Cancer Risk.Epidemiologic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Periodontal disease and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyPooled it
- Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on prostate-specific antigen levels and recurrent urinary tract infections: a randomized controlled clinical study.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Associations of oral microbiome diversity with prevalent cancer: a population-based cross-sectional study.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Impact of periodontitis on the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-center real-world study.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Deciphering the intratumor microbiota in malignant gastrointestinal tumors: multifaceted interplay and clinical implications.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Duodenal Fluid Microbiome Diversity and Pancreatic Cyst Status Among Patients Undergoing Pancreatic Surveillance.Gastro hep advances · 2026Article
- The oral-gut-liver axis: linking periodontal microbiota to the pathogenesis of liver diseases.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Oral microbiota and urinary system diseases: from mechanistic insights to clinical implications-a comprehensive review.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeriodontal disease has a direct impact on the immune response and has been linked to several chronic diseases, including atherosclerosis and stroke. Few studies have examined the association between periodontal disease and cancer. PATIENTS AND
methodsA total of 19 933 men reported being never smokers (of cigarette, pipes or cigars) in the Health Professionals' Follow-up Study. Periodontal disease status and teeth number were self-reported at baseline and during follow-up. All cancers were ascertained during 26 years of follow-up. Cox's proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) adjusting for risk factors.
resultsA 13% increase in total cancer was observed among men reporting periodontitis at baseline, and a 45% increase in risk was observed among men with advanced periodontitis (periodontitis with <17 remaining teeth). Periodontitis was not associated with prostate cancer, colorectal cancer or melanoma, the three most common cancers in this cohort of never smokers, but a 33% increase in risk was observed for smoking-related cancers (lung, bladder, oropharnygeal, esophageal, kidney, stomach and liver cancers; HR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.07-1.65). Men with advanced periodontitis had an HR of 2.57 (95% CI 1.56-4.21; P = 0.0002) for smoking-related cancers, compared with men who did not have periodontitis and had 17 teeth or more. Advanced periodontitis was associated with elevated risks of esophageal and head and neck cancers (HR = 6.29, 95% CI 2.13-18.6; based on five cases with advanced periodontitis) and bladder cancer (HR = 5.06, 95% CI 2.32-11.0; based on nine cases with advanced periodontitis).
conclusionsAdvanced periodontitis was associated with a 2.5-fold increase in smoking-related cancers among never smokers. Periodontitis may impact cancer risk through system immune dysregulation. Further studies need to examine the immune impact of advanced periodontitis on cancer, especially for cancers known to be caused by smoking.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.