ReviewInternational journal of clinical practice2016
Weight management in obesity - past and present.
Review in International journal of clinical practice, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review on gastric electrical stimulation in obesity treatment.Expert review of medical devices · 2019Pooled it
- Maternal Use of Weight Loss Products and the Risk of Neural Tube Defects in Offspring: A Systematic Literature Review.Birth defects research · 2018Pooled it
- Decoding Immunometabolic Dynamics of Adipose Tissue in Obesity: Evolving Evidence and Way Forward.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Trimming the fat: Reframing adipose dysfunction through targeting the lncMGC cluster.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- [The history of the pharmacotherapy of obesity].Problemy endokrinologii · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- New insight of chemical constituents in Persea americana fruit against obesity via integrated pharmacology.Clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Obesity from a sign of being rich to a disease of the new age: A historical review.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Notifications and Health Consequences of Unauthorized Pharmaceuticals in Food Supplements.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Anti-Obesity Action ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cross-sectional study of BMI, weight concern, body size perception, dieting and mental distress in adolescents: The HUNT Study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Dextroamphetamine Treatment in Children With Hypothalamic Obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Examining the Conceptual and Measurement Overlap of Body Dissatisfaction and Internalized Weight Stigma in Predominantly Female Samples: A Meta-Analysis and Measurement Refinement Study.Frontiers in global women's health · 2022Article
- Phentermine-Associated Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Literature Review.European journal of case reports in internal medicine · 2022Article
- In search of an ideal drug for safer treatment of obesity: The false promise of pseudoephedrine.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2021Review
- The Synthesis and Evaluation of RGD-Conjugated Chitosan Gel as Daily Supplement for Body Weight Control.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- From leptin to lasers: the past and present of mouse models of obesity.Expert opinion on drug discovery · 2021Article
- The gut-brain axis: Identifying new therapeutic approaches for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related disorders.Molecular metabolism · 2021Review
- Potential of Nutraceutical Supplementation in the Modulation of White and Brown Fat Tissues in Obesity-Associated Disorders: Role of Inflammatory Signalling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsTo describe the treatment of obesity from ancient times to present day.
methodsArticles reporting the development of anti-obesity therapies were identified through a search for 'anti-obesity' AND 'pharmacotherapy' AND 'development' within the title or abstract on PubMed and 'obesity' in ClinicalTrials.gov. Relevant articles and related literature were selected for inclusion.
resultsStone-age miniature obese female statuettes indicate the existence and cultural significance of obesity as long as 30,000 years ago. Records from Ancient Egyptian and Biblical eras through Greco-Roman to Medieval times indicate that obesity was present throughout the major periods of history, although peoples of previous centuries would probably have experienced overweight and obesity as exceptional rather than normal. Health risks of obesity were noted by the Greek physician Hippocrates (460-377 BCE) when the earliest anti-obesity recommendations on diet, exercise, lifestyle and use of emetics and cathartics were born. These recommendations remained largely unchanged until the early 20th century, when spreading urbanisation, increasingly sedentary jobs and greater availability of processed foods produced a sharp rise in obesity. This led to the need for new, more effective, ways to lose weight, to address comorbidities associated with obesity, and to attain the current cultural ideal of slimness. Drug companies of the 1940s and 1950s produced a series of anti-obesity pharmacotherapies in short succession, based largely on amphetamines. Increased regulation of drug development in the 1960s and new efficacy requirements for weight-loss drugs led to rapid reduction in anti-obesity therapies available by the early 1990s.
conclusionIn the last two decades, several new and emerging therapies have been approved or are in development to provide safe, long-term pharmacological agents for the treatment of obesity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.