Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26810485›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2016

Routine immunization of adults by pharmacists: Attitudes and beliefs of the Canadian public and health care providers.

D MacDougall, B A Halperin, J Isenor, D MacKinnon-Cameron, L Li, S A McNeil, J M Langley, S A Halperin

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Effectiveness, acceptability, and potential of lay student vaccinators to improve vaccine delivery.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2024
    Article
  7. European community pharmacists practice in tackling influenza.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

D MacDougalla Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
B A Halperina Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
J Isenora Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
D MacKinnon-Camerona Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
L Lia Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
S A McNeila Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
J M Langleya Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
S A Halperina Canadian Center for Vaccinology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Nova Scotia Health Authority , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada.
Dalhousie University · CAIzaak Walton Killam Health Centre · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccine coverage among adults for recommended vaccines is generally low. In Canada and the US, pharmacists are increasingly becoming involved in the administration of vaccines to adults. This study measured the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of Canadian adults and health care providers regarding pharmacists as immunizers. Geographically representative samples of Canadian adults (n = 4023) and health care providers (n = 1167) were surveyed, and 8 focus groups each were conducted nationwide with adults and health care providers. Provision of vaccines by pharmacists was supported by 64.6% of the public, 82.3% of pharmacists, 57.4% of nurses, and 38.9% of physicians; 45.7% of physicians opposed pharmacist-delivered vaccination. Pharmacists were considered a trusted source of vaccination information by 75.0% of the public, exceeding public health officials (68.3%) and exceeded only by doctors and nurses (89.2%). Public concerns about vaccination in pharmacies centered on safety (management of adverse events), record keeping (ensuring their family physician was informed), and cost (should be no more expensive than vaccination at public health or physicians' offices). Concerns about the logistics of vaccination delivery were expressed more frequently in regions where pharmacists were not yet immunizing than in jurisdictions with existing pharmacist vaccination programs. These results suggest that the expansion of pharmacists' scope of practice to include delivery of adult vaccinations is generally accepted by Canadian health care providers and the public. Acceptance of this expanded scope of pharmacist practice may contribute to improvements in vaccine coverage rates by improving vaccine accessibility.

Indexed as

Patient Acceptance of Health CarePharmacistsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCanadaFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth PersonnelHumansImmunizationInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedVaccinesVaccinesadult immunizationattitudeshealth deliveryhealth knowledgeimmunization attitudespharmacistspractice

Identifiers

PMID26810485
PMCPMC4964643
OpenAlexW2290758341

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.