ArticleMalaria journal2016
Malaria community health workers in Myanmar: a cost analysis.
Article in Malaria journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Adding rapid diagnostic tests to community-based programmes for treating malaria.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- A community-based participatory research and community health workers-led health education strategy for schistosomiasis control among schoolchildren in Pemba Island, Zanzibar: a cluster-randomized trial.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2026Trial
- Costs and cost-effectiveness of community health worker programs focussed on HIV, TB and malaria infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries (2015-2024): A scoping literature review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of an expanded role for community health workers on malaria blood examination rates in malaria elimination settings in Myanmar: an open stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised controlled trial.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- Expanded roles of community health workers to sustain malaria services in the Asia-Pacific: A landscaping survey.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Estimating the programmatic cost of targeted mass drug administration for malaria in Myanmar.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Community demand for comprehensive primary health care from malaria volunteers in South-East Myanmar: a qualitative study.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Observational
- Are village health volunteers as good as basic health staffs in providing malaria care? A country wide analysis from Myanmar, 2015.Malaria journal · 2018Article
- malERA: An updated research agenda for combination interventions and modelling in malaria elimination and eradication.PLoS medicine · 2017Review
- Malaria and Economic Evaluation Methods: Challenges and Opportunities.Applied health economics and health policy · 2017Article
- Using G6PD tests to enable the safe treatment of Plasmodium vivax infections with primaquine on the Thailand-Myanmar border: A cost-effectiveness analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Anti-malarial landscape in Myanmar: results from a nationally representative survey among community health workers and the private sector outlets in 2015/2016.Malaria journal · 2017Article
- Eliminate now: seven critical actions required to accelerate elimination of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- Malaria incidence in Myanmar 2005-2014: steady but fragile progress towards elimination.Malaria journal · 2016Article
- The role of early detection and treatment in malaria elimination.Malaria journal · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMyanmar has the highest malaria incidence and attributed mortality in South East Asia with limited healthcare infrastructure to manage this burden. Establishing malaria Community Health Worker (CHW) programmes is one possible strategy to improve access to malaria diagnosis and treatment, particularly in remote areas. Despite considerable donor support for implementing CHW programmes in Myanmar, the cost implications are not well understood.
methodsAn ingredients based micro-costing approach was used to develop a model of the annual implementation cost of malaria CHWs in Myanmar. A cost model was constructed based on activity centres comprising of training, patient malaria services, monitoring and supervision, programme management, overheads and incentives. The model takes a provider perspective. Financial data on CHWs programmes were obtained from the 2013 financial reports of the Three Millennium Development Goal fund implementing partners that have been working on malaria control and elimination in Myanmar. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were undertaken to outline parameter uncertainty and explore changes to programme cost for key assumptions.
resultsThe range of total annual costs for the support of one CHW was US$ 966-2486. The largest driver of CHW cost was monitoring and supervision (31-60% of annual CHW cost). Other important determinants of cost included programme management (15-28% of annual CHW cost) and patient services (6-12% of annual CHW cost). Within patient services, malaria rapid diagnostic tests are the major contributor to cost (64% of patient service costs).
conclusionThe annual cost of a malaria CHW in Myanmar varies considerably depending on the context and the design of the programme, in particular remoteness and the approach to monitoring and evaluation. The estimates provide information to policy makers and CHW programme planners in Myanmar as well as supporting economic evaluations of their cost-effectiveness.
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