ArticleMolecular psychiatry2016
Changing relationships between smoking and psychiatric disorders across twentieth century birth cohorts: clinical and research implications.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between illegal drug use and cigarette smoking among Ethiopian students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Unhealthy behaviors associated with mental health disorders: a systematic comparative review of diet quality, sedentary behavior, and cannabis and tobacco use.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Maternal smoking status during pregnancy and low birth weight in offspring: systematic review and meta-analysis of 55 cohort studies published from 1986 to 2020.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Varenicline, Depressive Symptoms, and Region of Enrollment on Smoking Cessation in Depressed Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Trial
- Chronic nicotine vapor-induced enhancement of ethanol drinking-in-the-dark is associated with reduced medial prefrontal cortical activity.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Changes in Cross-Sectional Associations Between Cannabis Use and Anxiety, Depression, and Suicidality in a Nationally Representative Sample of Canadians From 2012 to 2022: Évolution des relations transversales entre la consommation de cannabis et la dépression, l'anxiété et les idées suicidaires au sein d'un échantillon représentatif de Canadiens à l'échelle nationale, de 2012 à 2022.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2026Article
- Association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with youth depression and subsequent adult chronic diseases in offspring.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- The causal effect of smoking on psychiatric disorders: an examination of brain volume as a potential pathway.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Changes in Tobacco Dependence and Association With Onset and Progression of Use by Product Type From Waves 1 to 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Increasing prevalence of mental disorders in smokers seeking treatment of tobacco dependence: a retrospective observational study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Observational
- Modeling cigarette smoking disparities between people with and without serious psychological distress in the US, 1997-2100.Preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Sex and age disparities in the influence of tobacco smoking on depression: Evidence from the Taiwan Biobank.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Modifiable risk factors of major depressive disorder: A Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2023Article
- The relationships between use of alcohol, tobacco and coffee in adolescence and mood disorders in adulthood.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2022Article
- Association of psychological distress and current cigarette smoking among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander adults and compared to adults from other racial/ethnic groups: Data from the National Health Interview Survey, 2014.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- The changing relationship between health risk behaviors and depression among birth cohorts of Canadians 65+, 1994-2014.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- An Examination of Risk Factors for Tobacco and Cannabis Smoke Exposure in Adolescents Using an Epigenetic Biomarker.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Modeling smoking-attributable mortality among adults with major depression in the United States.Preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Associations of cigarette smoking with psychiatric disorders: evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Diverging Trends in the Relationship Between Binge Drinking and Depressive Symptoms Among Adolescents in the U.S. From 1991 Through 2018.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As the risks of tobacco use become recognized and smoking becomes stigmatized, new smokers may be increasingly driven to smoke by biological or genetic vulnerabilities rather than social desirability. Given that genetic risk for deviant proneness is shared across other psychiatric and addictive disorders, we predicted that as rates of smoking decreased through the latter half of the twentieth century, associations between smoking and psychopathology would increase. Participants (N=25 412) from a large US study-the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, NESARC-were interviewed using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule - DSM-IV Version (AUDADIS-IV) and classified into one of five birth cohort decades (1940s to 1980s) and three smoking history (nonsmokers, never-dependent smokers and ever-dependent smokers) groups. We found that the prevalence of smoking decreased across the five birth cohorts, but associations of smoking with drug and AUDs, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder and antisocial personality disorder, each increased monotonically in more recently born cohorts, even after adjusting for concurrent demographic and socioeconomic changes. For drug and AUDs, increases were observed among smokers both with and without a history of nicotine dependence; for other outcomes, increases were entirely driven by nicotine-dependent smokers. Findings suggest that smokers in more recent cohorts have disproportionately high psychiatric vulnerability, and may benefit from greater mental health screenings. Differentiating between casual and dependent smokers may further help prioritize those at greatest risk. Researchers should also be aware of potential variation in psychiatric comorbidity based on cohort of birth when defining groups of smokers, to minimize confounding.
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Registered trials
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