ArticleBMC infectious diseases2016
Does provider-initiated HIV testing and counselling lead to higher HIV testing rate and HIV case finding in Rwandan clinics?
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acceptability and uptake of HIV self-testing in emergency care settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2022Pooled it
- A Model to Predict In-Hospital Mortality in HIV/AIDS Patients with Pneumocystis Pneumonia in China: The Clinical Practice in Real World.BioMed research international · 2019Trial
- Observational
- Socioeconomic inequalities in uptake of HIV testing during antenatal care: evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of provider-initiated versus client-initiated HIV testing by different health facility departments in Northern Tanzania.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Individual- and Facility-Level Factors Associated with Facility Testing among Men in Malawi: Findings from a Representative Community Survey.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- District-level strategies to control the HIV epidemic in Zimbabwe: a practical example of precision public health.BMC research notes · 2020Article
- Article
- Low partner testing in high HIV prevalence setting in Freetown, Sierra Leone: a retrospective study.BMC research notes · 2019Article
- Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2019Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProvider-initiated HIV testing and counselling (PITC) is promoted as a means to increase HIV case finding. We assessed the effectiveness of PITC to increase HIV testing rate and HIV case finding among outpatients in Rwandan health facilities (HF).
methodsPITC was introduced in six HFs in 2009-2010. HIV testing rate and case finding were compared between phase 1 (pre-PITC) and phase 3 (PITC period) for outpatient-department (OPD) attendees only, and for OPD and voluntary counseling & testing (VCT) departments combined.
resultsOut of 26,367 adult OPD attendees in phase 1, 4.7% were tested and out of 29,864 attendees in phase 3, 17.0% were tested (p < 0.001). The proportion of HIV cases diagnosed was 0.25% (67/26,367) in phase 1 and 0.46% (136/29864) in phase 3 (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, both testing rate and case finding were significantly higher in phase 3 for OPD attendees. In phase 1 most of the HIV testing was done in VCT departments rather than at the OPD (78.6% vs 21.4% respectively); in phase 3 this was reversed (40.0% vs 60.0%; p < 0.001). In a combined analysis of VCT and OPD attendees, testing rate increased from 18.7% in phase 1 to 25.4% in phase 3, but case finding did not increase. In multivariable analysis, testing rate was significantly higher in phase 3 (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.60-1.73), but case finding remained stable (OR 1.09; 95% CI 0.93-1.27).
conclusionPITC led to a shift of HIV testing from VCT department to the OPD, a higher testing rate, but no additional HIV case finding.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.