ArticlePloS one2016
Replication-Competent Influenza A and B Viruses Expressing a Fluorescent Dynamic Timer Protein for In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- NS-segment-based reporter influenza A viruses: engineering strategy, applications, and limitations.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Bioluminescent reporter influenza A viruses to track viral infections.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- A human H5N1 influenza virus expressing bioluminescence for evaluating viral infection and identifying therapeutic interventions.iScience · 2025Article
- Observational
- Recombinant Influenza A Viruses Expressing Reporter Genes from the Viral NS Segment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sequential immunization with chimeric hemagglutinin ΔNS1 attenuated influenza vaccines induces broad humoral and cellular immunity.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain by live attenuated influenza vaccine virus as a strategy for designing a bivalent vaccine against COVID-19 and influenza.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Engineering recombinant replication-competent bluetongue viruses expressing reporter genes forMicrobiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Segmented, Negative-Sense RNA Viruses of Humans: Genetic Systems and Experimental Uses of Reporter Strains.Annual review of virology · 2023Review
- Infection with Influenzavirus A in a murine model induces epithelial bronchial lesions and distinct waves of innate immune-cell recruitment.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Mutation L319Q in the PB1 Polymerase Subunit Improves Attenuation of a Candidate Live-Attenuated Influenza A Virus Vaccine.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Live attenuated influenza A virus vaccines with modified NS1 proteins for veterinary use.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Generation, Characterization, and Applications of Influenza A Reporter Viruses.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Bi-Reporter Vaccinia Virus for Tracking Viral InfectionsMicrobiology spectrum · 2021Article
- A New Master Donor Virus for the Development of Live-Attenuated Influenza B Virus Vaccines.Viruses · 2021Article
- Article
- Generation and Characterization of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 expressing reporter genes.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Reverse genetics for influenza B viruses and recent advances in vaccine development.Current opinion in virology · 2020Review
- Identification and Characterization of Novel Compounds with Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against Influenza A and B Viruses.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Nanobody-based sandwich reporter system for living cell sensing influenza A virus infection.Scientific reports · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza A and B viruses (IAV and IBV, respectively) cause annual seasonal human respiratory disease epidemics. In addition, IAVs have been implicated in occasional pandemics with inordinate health and economic consequences. Studying influenza viruses in vitro or in vivo requires the use of laborious secondary methodologies to identify infected cells. To circumvent this requirement, replication-competent infectious influenza viruses expressing an easily traceable fluorescent reporter protein can be used. Timer is a fluorescent protein that undergoes a time-dependent color emission conversion from green to red. The rate of spectral change is independent of Timer protein concentration and can be used to chronologically measure the duration of its expression. Here, we describe the generation of replication-competent IAV and IBV where the viral non-structural protein 1 (NS1) was fused to the fluorescent dynamic Timer protein. Timer-expressing IAV and IBV displayed similar plaque phenotypes and growth kinetics to wild-type viruses in tissue culture. Within infected cells, Timer's spectral shift can be used to measure the rate and cell-to-cell spread of infection using fluorescent microscopy, plate readers, or flow cytometry. The progression of Timer-expressing IAV infection was also evaluated in a mouse model, demonstrating the feasibility to characterize IAV cell-to-cell infections in vivo. By providing the ability to chronologically track viral spread, Timer-expressing influenza viruses are an excellent option to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo dynamics of viral infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.