SynthesisPloS one2016
Associations between Passive Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy and Preterm Birth: Evidence from a Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondhand smoke exposure and human health: an umbrella review.Nature human behaviour · 2026Pooled it
- Preterm birth among Pacific Islanders in the United States and the US-affiliated Pacific Islands: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2023Pooled it
- Predictors of Poor Neonatal Outcomes among Pregnant Women in Indonesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors in the first trimester and risk of cardiovascular-related malformations: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Potential for primary prevention of low birth weight in pregnancies with and without gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study in Central China.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Water Facility Type and Acute Respiratory Infections in Under-Five Children: Insights From a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- The association of parental use of new tobacco products and combustible cigarettes with nausea and vomiting in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Associations Between Secondhand Smoke Exposure During Pregnancy and Preterm Birth.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- In-house environmental factors and childhood acute respiratory infections in under-five children: a hospital-based matched case-control study in Bangladesh.BMC pediatrics · 2024Article
- Effects of a Comic Booklet Intervention Aimed at Preventing Second-Hand Smoke Exposure for Pregnant Women in Indonesia: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Investigating associations between maternal stress, smoking and adverse birth outcomes: evidence from the All Our Families cohort.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Serum cytokines in second trimester pregnancy and their relationship with spontaneous preterm births in the Ribeirão Preto and São Luiz cohorts.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2023Article
- Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Pregnant Dogs: Maternal and Newborn Cotinine Levels: A Pilot Study.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Active or passive maternal smoking increases the risk of low birth weight or preterm delivery: Benefits of cessation and tobacco control policies.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Review
- Towards optimum smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy: a household model to explore cost-effectiveness.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
- Paternal smoking and preterm birth: a population-based retrospective cohort study among non-smoking women aged 20-49 years in rural China.Reproductive health · 2022Article
- Fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, and preterm birth: Effects of active or passive smoking evaluated by maternal expired CO at delivery, impacts of cessation at different trimesters.Tobacco induced diseases · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies investigating the relationship between passive maternal smoking and preterm birth reveal inconsistent results. We conducted the current meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the relationship between passive maternal smoking and preterm birth. We identified relevant studies by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases. We used random-effects models to estimate summary odds ratios (SORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for aforementioned association. For the analysis, we included 24 studies that involved a total of 5607 women who experienced preterm birth. Overall, the SORs of preterm birth for women who were ever exposed to passive smoking versus women who had never been exposed to passive smoking at any place and at home were 1.20 (95%CI = 1.07-1.34,I(2) = 36.1%) and 1.16 (95%CI = 1.04-1.30,I(2) = 4.4%), respectively. When we conducted a stratified analysis according to study design, the risk estimate was slightly weaker in cohort studies (SOR = 1.10, 95%CI = 1.00-1.21,n = 16) than in cross-sectional studies (SOR = 1.47, 95%CI = 1.23-1.74,n = 5). Additionally, the associations between passive maternal smoking and preterm birth were statistically significant for studies conducted in Asia (SOR = 1.26, 95%CI = 1.05-1.52), for studies including more than 100 cases of preterm birth (SOR = 1.22, 95%CI = 1.05-1.41), and for studies adjusted for maternal age (SOR = 1.27,95%CI = 1.09-1.47), socioeconomic status and/or education (SOR = 1.28, 95%CI = 1.10-1.49), body mass index (SOR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.04-1.71), and parity (SOR = 1.27, 95%CI = 1.13-1.43). Our findings demonstrate that passive maternal smoking is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. Future prospective cohort studies are warranted to provide more detailed results stratified by passive maternal smoking during different trimesters of pregnancy and by different types and causes of preterm birth.
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