ArticlePloS one2016
State Anxiety and Nonlinear Dynamics of Heart Rate Variability in Students.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between mental illness and blood pressure variability: a systematic review.Biomedical engineering online · 2022Pooled it
- Impact of multilingualism on cardiac autonomic activity, working memory and trait anxiety: a pilot study.Cognitive processing · 2026Article
- Mindfulness-based intervention alters nonlinear heart rate variability in a pilot study.Discover mental health · 2026Article
- Chaotic fluctuations mark the sign of mental activity in task-based heart rate variability.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Global cortical arousal effects in fMRI reveal brain markers of state and trait anxiety.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Heart rate dynamics in polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome: from heterogeneity to wearable digital phenotyping.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- A simple blood biomarker based on gene expression describes cardiovascular health-related biological age.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Integrating Heart Rate Variability Improves Machine Learning-based Prediction of Panic Disorder Symptom Severity.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Age-dependent patterns of cardiac complexity unveiled by topological data analysis of pediatric heart rate variability.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances in Cardiovascular Wearable Devices.Biosensors · 2024Review
- The brain-heart-immune axis: a vago-centric framework for predicting and enhancing resilient recovery in older surgery patients.Bioelectronic medicine · 2024Article
- Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Data Preprocessing Techniques for Detecting, Predicting, and Monitoring Stress and Stress-Related Mental Disorders: Scoping Review.JMIR mental health · 2024Article
- Anxiety in oncology outpatients is associated with perturbations in pathways identified in anxiety focused network pharmacology research.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Entropy-Based Multifractal Testing of Heart Rate Variability during Cognitive-Autonomic Interplay.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular response to anticipatory and reactionary postural perturbations in young adults.Experimental physiology · 2023Article
- Heart Rate Complexity and Autonomic Modulation Are Associated with Psychological Response Inhibition in Healthy Subjects.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Heart Rate Variability for Evaluating Psychological Stress Changes in Healthy Adults: A Scoping Review.Neuropsychobiology · 2023Article
- Cardioautonomic lability assessed by heart rate variability changes in Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets during the cadet training program.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Article
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3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesClinical and experimental research studies have demonstrated that the emotional experience of anxiety impairs heart rate variability (HRV) in humans. The present study investigated whether changes in state anxiety (SA) can also modulate nonlinear dynamics of heart rate.
methodsA group of 96 students volunteered to participate in the study. For each student, two 5-minute recordings of beat intervals (RR) were performed: one during a rest period and one just before a university examination, which was assumed to be a real-life stressor. Nonlinear analysis of HRV was performed. The Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to assess the level of SA.
resultsBefore adjusting for heart rate, a Wilcoxon matched pairs test showed significant decreases in Poincaré plot measures, entropy, largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE), and pointwise correlation dimension (PD2), and an increase in the short-term fractal-like scaling exponent of detrended fluctuation analysis (α1) during the exam session, compared with the rest period. A Pearson analysis indicated significant negative correlations between the dynamics of SA and Poincaré plot axes ratio (SD1/SD2), and between changes in SA and changes in entropy measures. A strong negative correlation was found between the dynamics of SA and LLE. A significant positive correlation was found between the dynamics of SA and α1. The decreases in Poincaré plot measures (SD1, complex correlation measure), entropy measures, and LLE were still significant after adjusting for heart rate. Corrected α1 was increased during the exam session. As before, the dynamics of adjusted LLE was significantly correlated with the dynamics of SA.
conclusionsThe qualitative increase in SA during academic examination was related to the decrease in the complexity and size of the Poincaré plot through a reduction of both the interbeat interval and its variation.
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