ArticleThe American naturalist2016
Quantifying Global Drivers of Zoonotic Bat Viruses: A Process-Based Perspective.
Article in The American naturalist, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impacts of bat use of anthropogenic structures on bats and humans.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026Pooled it
- Leptospira in Brazilian Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera): A Systematic Review.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Pooled it
- Macroimmunology: The drivers and consequences of spatial patterns in wildlife immune defence.The Journal of animal ecology · 2020Pooled it
- Emerging Viral Zoonoses: Epidemiology, Vaccination Strategies, and Implications for Global Public Health.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Review
- Perceived Public Health Risks Associated with Bats on a Southwest Indian Ocean Island.EcoHealth · 2026Article
- Pathogens and planetary change.Nature reviews. Biodiversity · 2025Article
- A systematic review on reverse-zoonosis: Global impact and changes in transmission patterns.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2024Review
- Mapping Global Bushmeat Activities to Improve Zoonotic Spillover Surveillance by Using Geospatial Modeling.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Opportunities and Limitations of Molecular Methods for Studying Bat-Associated Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Climate Anomalies and Spillover of Bat-Borne Viral Diseases in the Asia-Pacific Region and the Arabian Peninsula.Viruses · 2022Article
- Molecular evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in olive baboons and vervet monkeys in Kenya.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- The three Ts of virulence evolution during zoonotic emergence.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Impacts of biodiversity and biodiversity loss on zoonotic diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Implications of Zoonoses From Hunting and Use of Wildlife in North American Arctic and Boreal Biomes: Pandemic Potential, Monitoring, and Mitigation.Frontiers in public health · 2021Review
- Global discovery of human-infective RNA viruses: A modelling analysis.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Guidelines for communicating about bats to prevent persecution in the time of COVID-19.Biological conservation · 2020Review
- The influence of bat ecology on viral diversity and reservoir status.Ecology and evolution · 2020Article
- Distribution and genetic diversity of adeno-associated viruses in bats from coastal areas of Southeast China.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs), particularly zoonoses, represent a significant threat to global health. Emergence is often driven by anthropogenic activity (e.g., travel, land use change). Although disease emergence frameworks suggest multiple steps from initial zoonotic transmission to human-to-human spread, there have been few attempts to empirically model specific steps. We create a process-based framework to separate out components of individual emergence steps. We focus on early emergence and expand the first step, zoonotic transmission, into processes of generation of pathogen richness, transmission opportunity, and establishment, each with its own hypothesized drivers. Using this structure, we build a spatial empirical model of these drivers, taking bat viruses shared with humans as a case study. We show that drivers of both viral richness (host diversity and climatic variability) and transmission opportunity (human population density, bushmeat hunting, and livestock production) are associated with virus sharing between humans and bats. We also show spatial heterogeneity between the global patterns of these two processes, suggesting that high-priority locations for pathogen discovery and surveillance in wildlife may not necessarily coincide with those for public health intervention. Finally, we offer direction for future studies of zoonotic EIDs by highlighting the importance of the processes underlying their emergence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.