ArticleBone2016
Ethnic and geographic variations in the epidemiology of childhood fractures in the United Kingdom.
Article in Bone, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- What are the risk factors and presenting features of premature physeal arrest of the distal radius? A systematic review.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2021Pooled it
- Epidemiologic Features of Traumatic Fractures in Children and Adolescents: A 9-Year Retrospective Study.BioMed research international · 2019Trial
- Association between drinking water hardness and incidence of hospitalization for childhood fracture: an ecological study of England.JBMR plus · 2026Article
- Incidence and determinants of fracture risk in 8,348 Mongolian schoolchildren: secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic circumstances, ethnicity, migration and unintentional early childhood injuries: an analysis of the UK millennium cohort study.Injury epidemiology · 2025Article
- Post-operative imaging in pediatric distal radius fractures: When tradition meets evidence.World journal of orthopedics · 2025Article
- Outcomes of Suprapatellar Intramedullary Nail Fixation of Tibial Shaft Fractures in Skeletally Immature Patients.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2025Article
- Smoking in pregnancy increases offspring fracture risk: yet another reason to encourage smoking cessation.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of Childhood Fractures in Cotonou: A Retrospective Observational Study.African journal of paediatric surgery : AJPS · 2024Observational
- Improving health-care planning for fracture patients in Türkiye: insights from a nationwide study.Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2023Article
- Real-world evidence: new opportunities for osteoporosis research. Recommendations from a Working Group from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO).Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2023Review
- Early Life Programming of Skeletal Health.Current osteoporosis reports · 2023Review
- Paediatric distal radius fractures: an instructional review for the FRCS examination.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2023Review
- The function of immunomodulation and biomaterials for scaffold in the process of bone defect repair: A review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Advances in Diagnosis and Management of Childhood OsteoporosisJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2022Review
- Epidemiology of paediatric lower extremity fractures in a tertiary care center in Switzerland.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2022Article
- Incidence of fractures in people with intellectual disabilities over the life course: a retrospective matched cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
- Article
- A cross-sectional study on the impact of the prevention and control response of the COVID-19 pandemic on minor's orthopedic trauma in Shanghai.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2021Article
- Modern management of paediatric tibial shaft fractures: an evidence-based update.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFractures are common in childhood, and there is considerable variation in the reported incidence across European countries, but few data relating to ethnic and geographic differences within a single country. We therefore aimed to determine the incidence of childhood fractures in the United Kingdom (UK), and to describe age-, ethnicity- and region- specific variations.
methodsThe Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) contains anonymised electronic health records for approximately 7% of the UK population. The occurrence of a fracture between 1988 and 2012 was determined from the CPRD for all individuals <18years of age, and used to calculate fracture incidence rates for age, sex and ethnicity. Regional fracture incidence rates were also calculated based on general practitioner location within 14 Strategic Health Authorities (SHA) within the UK.
resultsThe overall fracture incidence rate was 137 per 10,000 person-years (py). This was higher in boys (169 per 10,000 py) than girls (103 per 10,000 py) and white children (150 per 10,000 py) compared to those of black (64 per 10,000 py) and South Asian (81 per 10,000 py) ethnicity. Marked geographic variation in incidence was observed. The highest fracture rates were observed in Wales, where boys and girls had 1.82 and 1.97 times greater incidence, respectively, than those residing in Greater London.
conclusionIn the period 1988-2012, there was marked geographic and ethnic variation in childhood fracture incidence across the UK. These findings also implicate lifestyle and socio-economic differences associated with location and ethnicity, and are relevant to policy makers in the UK and internationally.
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