ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2016
Serum Magnesium and the Risk of Death From Coronary Heart Disease and Sudden Cardiac Death.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating magnesium as a potential risk stratification tool for sudden cardiac death: a systematic review.Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie · 2023Pooled it
- The Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Endothelial Function: A Randomised Cross-Over Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Trial
- Verification of the Short-term Effect of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Serum Magnesium Stratified by the Classification of Albuminuria Severity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Case Report: Association of a rare single nucleotide variant in the KCNH2 gene with drug-induced QT prolongation.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Relationship between magnesium intake and decline in kidney function, incident chronic kidney disease and incident cardiovascular disease.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Effect of serum magnesium level on carotid intima media thickness in hemodialysis patients.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- The Importance of Vitamin D and Magnesium in Athletes.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Hypomagnesemia in lymphoma patients receiving CAR T therapy correlates with immune dysfunction and decreased survival.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Article
- Upper normal serum magnesium is associated with a reduction in incident death from fatal heart failure, coronary heart disease and stroke in non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 4 and 5.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- The Interplay Between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Selected Serum Biomarkers in Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Machine learning and SHAP value interpretation for predicting cardiovascular disease risk in patients with diabetes using dietary antioxidants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Hypermagnesemia- and Hyperphosphatemia-Associated Cardiac Arrest after Injection of a Novel Magnesium-Based Bone Cement in Spinal Surgery.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2025Article
- The Effects of Different Treatments on Serum Trace Element Levels in Dogs with Heart Failure.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Seeking a Treatable Cause of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest during and after Resuscitation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Efficacy, safety and mechanism of Simiaoyongan decoction in the treatment of carotid atherosclerotic plaque: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial protocol.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2024Article
- Association between magnesium, erythropoietin resistance and mortality: the Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (J-DOPPS).Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Hypermagnesemia is associated with poor outcomes during hospitalization.Irish journal of medical science · 2024Article
- Article
- Deprescribing of proton pump inhibitors in older patients: A cost-effectiveness analysis.PloS one · 2024Article
- Proton pump inhibitors and cardiovascular risk: a critical review.Future cardiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLow serum magnesium has been implicated in cardiovascular mortality, but results are conflicting and the pathway is unclear. We studied the association of serum magnesium with coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality and sudden cardiac death (SCD) within the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study, with adjudicated end points and long-term follow-up. METHODS AND
resultsNine-thousand eight-hundred and twenty participants (mean age 65.1 years, 56.8% female) were included with a median follow-up of 8.7 years. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and found that a 0.1 mmol/L increase in serum magnesium level was associated with a lower risk for CHD mortality (hazard ratio: 0.82, 95% CI 0.70-0.96). Furthermore, we divided serum magnesium in quartiles, with the second and third quartile combined as reference group (0.81-0.88 mmol/L). Low serum magnesium (≤0.80 mmol/L) was associated with an increased risk of CHD mortality (N=431, hazard ratio: 1.36, 95% CI 1.09-1.69) and SCD (N=217, hazard ratio: 1.54, 95% CI 1.12-2.11). Low serum magnesium was associated with accelerated subclinical atherosclerosis (expressed as increased carotid intima-media thickness: +0.013 mm, 95% CI 0.005-0.020) and increased QT-interval, mainly through an effect on heart rate (RR-interval: -7.1 ms, 95% CI -13.5 to -0.8). Additional adjustments for carotid intima-media thickness and heart rate did not change the associations with CHD mortality and SCD.
conclusionsLow serum magnesium is associated with an increased risk of CHD mortality and SCD. Although low magnesium was associated with both carotid intima-media thickness and heart rate, this did not explain the relationship between serum magnesium and CHD mortality or SCD. Future studies should focus on why magnesium associates with CHD mortality and SCD and whether intervention reduces these risks.
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