Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26801908›Full record

ArticleHealth and quality of life outcomes2016

Estimating the impact of changes in HbA1c, body weight and insulin injection regimen on health related quality-of-life: a time trade off study.

Martin Ridderstråle, Lyndon Marc Evans, Henrik Holm Jensen, Mette Bøgelund, Marie Markert Jensen, Åsa Ericsson, Johan Jendle

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Disutilities of treatment-related attributes for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Pooled it
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  3. Cost-effectiveness of metabolic surgery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review of economic evaluations.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2023
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  15. Determinants for quality of life trajectory patterns in patients with type 2 diabetes.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019
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  20. Diabetes-related weight change in a Canadian First Nation cohort.International journal of circumpolar health · 2017
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Martin RidderstråleSteno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark.
Lyndon Marc EvansUniversity Hospital Llandough, Cardiff, UK.
Henrik Holm JensenIncentive, Holte, Denmark.
Mette BøgelundIncentive, Holte, Denmark.
Marie Markert JensenNovo Nordisk, Søborg, Denmark. mmtj@novonordisk.com.
Åsa EricssonNovo Nordisk, Malmö, Sweden.
Johan JendleFaculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Novo Nordisk (Denmark) · DKÖrebro University · SESteno Diabetes Center · DKUniversity Hospital Llandough · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere are limited data on the potential short-term benefits associated with reductions in HbA1c levels, and understanding any immediate improvements in health related quality-of-life (HRQoL) through better glycaemic control may help inform diabetes management decisions. This time-trade-off (TTO) study investigated the short-term impact on HRQoL associated with three different aspects of diabetes management; HbA1c change, body weight change, and the complexity of treatment regimen.

methodsThe study was designed in three stages: Stage 1) Qualitative telephone interviews with people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Denmark who had experienced a decrease in their HbA1c level. Stage 2) A validation survey with people with T2D in Denmark to obtain quantifiable knowledge on the short-term effects of a change in HbA1c levels. Stage 3) TTO survey using health states based on results from stage 2. Respondents were either adults with T2D (Sweden) or from the general public (UK and Denmark) and were separately asked to evaluate seven health states through an internet-based survey.

resultsResults from 4060 respondents were available for the TTO analysis (UK n = 1777; Denmark n = 1799, Sweden n = 484). 'Well-controlled diabetes' was associated with utilities of 0.85-0.91 and 'not well-controlled diabetes' with utilities of 0.71-0.80 in all countries. Difference in utilities per HbA1c percentage point was smallest in Sweden and largest in Denmark (between 0.025-0.034 per HbA1c percentage point respectively). The treatment management health state associated with the lowest disutility was the once-daily insulin regimen. The disutility associated with per kg of weight change ranged from 0.0041-0.0073.

conclusionsChanges in HbA1c levels, insulin regimen and body weight are all likely to affect HRQoL for patients with T2D. A change in HbA1c is likely to have a short-term impact in addition to the effect on the development of long term diabetes complications. A treatment which has a simple regimen with fewer injections, and/or the need for less planning, and that causes weight loss or less weight gain, compared with other treatments, will have a positive impact on HRQoL.

Indexed as

AdultAgedDenmarkDiabetes ComplicationsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin ResistanceMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeSwedenUnited KingdomGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin

Identifiers

PMID26801908
PMCPMC4722746
OpenAlexW2279577009

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.