ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2016
Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphisms (E2, E3, E4) with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of case-control studies.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Pooled it
- Genetic polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 disease and severity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- Dissecting the Association of Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphisms With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Are ketogenic diets promising for Alzheimer's disease? A translational review.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2020Pooled it
- Role of the APOE polymorphism in carotid and lower limb revascularization: A prospective study from Southern Italy.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Role of Hyperlipidemia-RelatedMolecular syndromology · 2026Article
- Association of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms with risk of coronary artery disease in a Han Chinese population at middle and high altitude in China.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Insulin resistance (TyG index) and body mass index as metabolic biomarker combined with ApoE genotype to diagnose Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Exploring the common genetic basis of metabolic syndrome-related diseases and chronic kidney disease: insights from extensive genome-wide cross-trait analyses.BioData mining · 2025Article
- Exploring the shared genetic landscape of diabetes and cardiovascular disease: findings and future implications.Diabetologia · 2025Review
- Apolipoprotein E genotypes are associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in Lebanese adults with type 2 diabetes: a case-control study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- APOE genetic variability in an Egyptian cohort of PD.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Polymorphism rs564398 of the ANRIL Gene as a Coronary-Artery-Disease-Associated SNP in Diabetic Patients of the Kazakh Population.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Association between APOE genotypes and metabolic syndrome in a middle aged and elderly Urban South Indian population.Metabolism open · 2024Article
- The independent association between 25 (OH) vitamin D deficiency, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile with APOE genotyping in obese cases with and without T2DM.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2024Article
- Okinawa-Based Nordic Diet Decreases Plasma Levels of IAPP and IgA against IAPP Oligomers in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Apolipoprotein E Gene Variation in Pakistani Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes with and without Cardiovascular Complications.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Comorbidity Genes of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Associated with Memory and Cognitive Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Rescue of ApoE4-related lysosomal autophagic failure in Alzheimer's disease by targeted small molecules.Communications biology · 2024Article
- A lifetime perspective on risk factors for cognitive decline with a special focus on early events.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2024Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLipoprotein-related mechanisms have been associated with damage to the cardiovascular system in diabetic patients. Apolipoprotein E gene which affects the clearance of lipoproteins and consequently the lipid profile in our body is one of the most studied candidate genes and recently has been reported to be associated with T2DM and CAD. In this work, we studied the association of apoE gene polymorphism with T2DM and CVD and its effect on plasma lipids profile.
methodsOur study was conducted on 284 subjects categorized into 100 patients with T2DM, 100 patients with T2DM complicated with CVD and 84 normal control subjects. ApoE gene polymorphism was genotyped by real-time PCR using TaqMan(®) SNP Genotyping Assay.
resultsApoE E3/E3 genotype was the most common in our subjects. The frequencies of E3/E4 genotype and ε4 allele were increased in both T2DM patients and CVD patients as compared with controls, but were significant only in CVD patients (p = 0.004 and 0.007, respectively). Diabetic patients who carried E3/E4 genotype were at 2.4-fold increased risk to develop CVD (95 % CI 1.14-5.19, P = 0.02) and the ε4 allele associated with 2.23-fold higher CVD risk (95 % CI 1.09-4.59, P = 0.02). After adjustment for other established risk factors, E3/E4 genotype was an independent risk factor for CVD (OR = 2.3, p = 0.009) but not for T2DM (OR = 1.7, p = 0.28), while ε4 allele was an independent risk factor for both T2DM (OR = 2.2, p = 0.04) and CVD (OR = 3.0, p = 0.018) with 5.9-fold increased risk to develop CVD in T2DM patients (p = 0.019). E3/E4 genotype associated with significantly higher levels of TC and non HDL-C in all groups and with significantly higher levels of LDL-C in both T2DM and CVD patients.
conclusionsApoE gene polymorphisms associate with CVD and affect the lipid profile. The ε4 allele is an independent risk factor for both T2DM and CVD. Further genetic studies to add information beyond the traditional cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM and to identify risk genotypes will help in early prediction and identification of at risk patients.
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