ArticleOncotarget2016
TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 abundance in liver diseases of mice and men.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-omic network analysis identified betacellulin as a novel target of omega-3 fatty acid attenuation of western diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.EMBO molecular medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Hepatic Overexpression of a Novel Soluble Endogenous Transforming Growth Factor β Type II Receptor-Immunoglobulin G1 Fc Fusion Protein (TβRII-SE/Fc) Attenuates Early Stage Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Rats.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Lentiviral-Mediated Expression of a Novel Transforming Growth Factor‑β (TGF-β) Inhibitor Peptibody Therapeutically Mitigates Established Liver Fibrosis by Modulating Inflammation and Inducing Metabolic Reprogramming.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Article
- Protective effect of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) leaf and receptaculum extracts against hepatic encephalopathy in bile duct ligated rats.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Article
- New Experimental Mouse Models to Evaluate the Role of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta in Liver Tumorigenesis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Recent advances in targeting obesity, with a focus on TGF-β signaling and vagus nerve innervation.Bioelectronic medicine · 2025Review
- Dual signaling pathways of TGF-β superfamily cytokines in hepatocytes: balancing liver homeostasis and disease progression.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Does High-Intensity Exercise Cause Acute Liver Injury in Patients with Fontan Circulation? A Prospective Pilot Study.Pediatric cardiology · 2024Article
- TGFβ2 mediates oxidative stress-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of bladder smooth muscle.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2024Article
- Article
- TGFβR1 inhibition drives hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation through induction of toll-like-receptor signalling.International journal of experimental pathology · 2024Article
- NPM promotes hepatotoxin-induced fibrosis by inhibiting ROS-induced apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells and upregulating lncMIAT-induced TGF-β2.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- Article
- Physalin A alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration via anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2023Article
- A New Hypothetical Concept in Metabolic Understanding of Cardiac Fibrosis: Glycolysis Combined with TGF-β and KLF5 Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Long Noncoding RNA Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1 in Extracellular Vesicles Promotes Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation, Liver Fibrosis and β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Mig-6 Inhibits Autophagy in HCC Cell Lines by Modulating miR-193a-3p.International journal of medical sciences · 2022Article
- Orphan nuclear receptor ERRγ regulates hepatic TGF-β2 expression and fibrogenic response in CClArchives of toxicology · 2021Article
- Consumption of barley ameliorates the diabetic steatohepatitis and reduces the high transforming growth factor β expression in mice grown in α-minimum essential mediumBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2021Article
- DNA Methylation of TGFβ Target Genes: Epigenetic Control of TGFβ Functional Duality in Liver Cancer.Cells · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 11 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
TGF-β1 is a major player in chronic liver diseases promoting fibrogenesis and tumorigenesis through various mechanisms. The expression and function of TGF-β2 have not been investigated thoroughly in liver disease to date. In this paper, we provide evidence that TGF-β2 expression correlates with fibrogenesis and liver cancer development.Using quantitative realtime PCR and ELISA, we show that TGF-β2 mRNA expression and secretion increased in murine HSCs and hepatocytes over time in culture and were found in the human-derived HSC cell line LX-2. TGF-β2 stimulation of the LX-2 cells led to upregulation of the TGF-β receptors 1, 2, and 3, whereas TGF-β1 treatment did not alter or decrease their expression. In liver regeneration and fibrosis upon CCl4 challenge, the transient increase of TGF-β2 expression was accompanied by TGF-β1 and collagen expression. In bile duct ligation-induced fibrosis, TGF-β2 upregulation correlated with fibrotic markers and was more prominent than TGF-β1 expression. Accordingly, MDR2-KO mice showed significant TGF-β2 upregulation within 3 to 15 months but minor TGF-β1 expression changes. In 5 of 8 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)/hepatoblastoma cell lines, relatively high TGF-β2 expression and secretion were observed, with some cell lines even secreting more TGF-β2 than TGF-β1. TGF-β2 was also upregulated in tumors of TGFα/cMyc and DEN-treated mice. The analysis of publically available microarray data of 13 human HCC collectives revealed considerable upregulation of TGF-β2 as compared to normal liver.Our study demonstrates upregulation of TGF-β2 in liver disease and suggests TGF-β2 as a promising therapeutic target for tackling fibrosis and HCC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.