ArticleOncotarget2016
Rh2E2, a novel metabolic suppressor, specifically inhibits energy-based metabolism of tumor cells.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enolase 1: A paradigm of metabolic enzyme moonlighting in tumorigenesis (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- The Roles of Dietary Bioactive Compounds in Alleviating Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Transformation of Ginsenosides byMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An Update on Potential Molecular Biomarkers of Dietary Phytochemicals Targeting Lung Cancer Interception and Prevention.Pharmaceutical research · 2023Review
- Enolase 1, a Moonlighting Protein, as a Potential Target for Cancer Treatment.International journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- CGA ameliorates cognitive decline by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and neurotransmitter systems in rats with multi-infarct dementia.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2020Article
- Novel ginsenoside derivative 20(S)-Rh2E2 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in vivo and in vitro via intervention of cancer cell energy metabolism.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- New generation of drug delivery systems based on ginsenoside Rh2-, Lysine- and Arginine-treated highly porous graphene for improving anticancer activity.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- New perspectives of cobalt tris(bipyridine) system: anti-cancer effect and its collateral sensitivity towards multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancers.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Article
- Metformin and esophageal cancer risk in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Oncotarget · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Energy metabolism in cancer cells is often increased to meet their higher proliferative rate and biosynthesis demands. Suppressing cancer cell metabolism using agents like metformin has become an attractive strategy for treating cancer patients. We showed that a novel ginsenoside derivative, Rh2E2, is as effective as aspirin in preventing the development of AOM/DSS-induced colorectal cancer and suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in a LLC-1 xenograft. A sub-chronic and acute toxicity LD50 test of Rh2E2 showed no harmful reactions at the maximum oral dosage of 5000 mg/kg body weight in mice. Proteomic profiling revealed that Rh2E2 specifically inhibited ATP production in cancer cells via down-regulation of metabolic enzymes involving glycolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, leading to specific cytotoxicity and S-phase cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Those findings suggest that Rh2E2 possesses a novel and safe anti-metabolic agent for cancer patients by specific reduction of energy-based metabolism in cancer cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.