ArticleOncotarget2016
Multiple direct and indirect mechanisms drive estrogen-induced tumor growth in high grade serous ovarian cancers.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of estrogen receptor expression on prognosis of ovarian cancer according to antibody clone used for immunohistochemistry: a meta-analysis.Journal of ovarian research · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary fat intake and ovarian cancer risk: a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.Oncotarget · 2016Pooled it
- Sex differences in innate immune cell responses: Impact on cancer immunity and response to therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Chronic stress-related neuroendocrine mediators and ovarian cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Sex bias in tumor immunity: insights from immune cells.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Review
- Implications of hormonal carcinogenesis for transgender and gender-diverse people undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy: an up-to-date review.BMJ oncology · 2024Review
- Diabetes risk reduction diet and ovarian cancer risk: an Italian case-control study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2023Article
- Cancer-mesothelial and cancer-macrophage interactions in the ovarian cancer microenvironment.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2023Review
- Preclinical models of epithelial ovarian cancer: practical considerations and challenges for a meaningful application.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Review
- Promising Therapeutic Impact of a Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulator, Fulvestrant, as Demonstrated In Vitro upon Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Lines.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Article
- Analysis of Prediagnostic Circulating Levels of Gonadotropins and Androgens with Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.Journal of laboratory physicians · 2022Article
- Identification of a novel gene signature predicting response to first-line chemotherapy in BRCA wild-type high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Article
- Inhibition of estrogen signaling in myeloid cells increases tumor immunity in melanoma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- Review
- Regulation of aromatase in cancer.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Review
- Identification of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma cell lines that show estrogen-sensitive growth as xenografts in immunocompromised mice.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Influence of Estrogen on the NSCLC Microenvironment: A Comprehensive Picture and Clinical Implications.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Review
- Exploiting vulnerabilities of cancer by targeting nuclear receptors of stromal cells in tumor microenvironment.Molecular cancer · 2019Review
- The Role of the Estrogen Pathway in the Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The notion that menopausal estrogen replacement therapy increases ovarian cancer risk, but only for the two more common types (i.e. serous and endometrioid), while possibly decreasing risk for clear cell tumors, is strongly suggestive of causality. However, whether estradiol (E2) is tumorigenic or promotes development of occult preexisting disease is unknown. The present study investigated molecular and cellular mechanisms by which E2 modulates the growth of high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Results showed that ERα expression was necessary and sufficient to induce the growth of HGSOC cells in in vitro models. Conversely, in vivo experimental studies demonstrated that increasing the levels of circulating estrogens resulted in a significant growth acceleration of ERα-negative HGSOC xenografts, as well. Tumors from E2-treated mice had significantly higher proliferation rate, angiogenesis, and density of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) compared to ovariectomized females. Accordingly, immunohistochemical analysis of ERα-negative tissue specimens from HGSOC patients showed a significantly greater TAM infiltration in premenopausal compared to postmenopausal women. This study describes novel insights into the impact of E2 on tumor microenvironment, independently of its direct effect on tumor cell growth, thus supporting the idea that multiple direct and indirect mechanisms drive estrogen-induced tumor growth in HGSOC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.