ArticleAnesthesia and analgesia2016
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mode of Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery.
Article in Anesthesia and analgesia, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fetal and Maternal Responses to Dexmedetomidine Intrathecal Application During Cesarean Section: A Meta-Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2020Pooled it
- Educational Interventions for Labor Epidural Awareness in the United States: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Exploring Spanish-speaking patients' perspectives on obstetric anesthesia patient education materials.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- A scoping review of barriers experienced by underserved and rural maternal populations in accessing epidural analgesia in the United States.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Neuraxial labor analgesia use among racial and ethnic groups in the United States, 2016-2022.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Changes in the choice of anaesthetic techniques for caesarean sections among Turkish citizens and migrants during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Observational
- Anesthetic and obstetric predictors of general anesthesia in urgent or emergent Cesarean delivery: a retrospective case-control study.Journal of anesthesia · 2025Article
- Neighborhood disadvantage and general anesthesia utilization in cesarean delivery: a retrospective analysis.AJOG global reports · 2024Article
- Racial Disparities in Anesthesia Care: A Systematic Review of Pain Management and Patient Outcomes.Cureus · 2024Review
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Receipt of General Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparity in the Administration of General Anesthesia.Anesthesia and critical care (Houston, Tex.) · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric anesthesia: a scoping review.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2023Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Adverse Perinatal Outcomes at Term.American journal of perinatology · 2023Observational
- Impact of timing of multimodal analgesia in enhanced recovery after cesarean delivery protocols on postoperative opioids: A single center before-and-after study.Journal of clinical anesthesia · 2022Article
- Ethnicity in Anaesthesia research: Time to search our own backyards!Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2022Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Management of Postdural Puncture Headache With Epidural Blood Patch for Obstetric Patients in New York State.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- An Update on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Neuraxial Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery.Cureus · 2021Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Access to Local Anesthesia for Inguinal Hernia Repair.The Journal of surgical research · 2021Article
- Peripartum racial/ethnic disparities.International anesthesiology clinics · 2021Article
- Association Between Race and Ethnicity with Intraoperative Analgesic Administration and Initial Recovery Room Pain Scores in Pediatric Patients: a Single-Center Study of 21,229 Surgeries.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRacial and ethnic disparities have been identified in the provision of neuraxial labor analgesia. These disparities may exist in other key aspects of obstetric anesthesia care. We sought to determine whether racial/ethnic disparities exist in mode of anesthesia for cesarean delivery (CD).
methodsWomen who underwent CD between 1999 and 2002 at 19 different obstetric centers in the United States were identified from the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network Cesarean Registry. Race/ethnicity was categorized as: Caucasian, African American, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic Others (NHOs). Mode of anesthesia was classified as neuraxial anesthesia (spinal, epidural, or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia) or general anesthesia. To account for obstetric and non-obstetric covariates that may have influenced mode of anesthesia, multiple logistic regression analyses were performed by using sequential sets of covariates.
resultsThe study cohort comprised 50,974 women who underwent CD. Rates of general anesthesia among racial/ethnic groups were as follows: 5.2% for Caucasians, 11.3% for African Americans, 5.8% for Hispanics, and 6.6% for NHOs. After adjustment for obstetric and non-obstetric covariates, African Americans had the highest odds of receiving general anesthesia compared with Caucasians (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-1.8; P < 0.001). The odds of receiving general anesthesia were also higher among Hispanics (aOR = 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.3; P = 0.02) and NHOs (aOR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.4; P = 0.03) compared with Caucasians, respectively. In our sensitivity analysis, we reconstructed the models after excluding women who underwent neuraxial anesthesia before general anesthesia. The adjusted odds of receiving general anesthesia were similar to those in the main analysis: African Americans (aOR = 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5-1.9; P < 0.001); Hispanics (aOR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4; P = 0.006); and NHOs (aOR = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5; P = 0.05).
conclusionsBased on data from the Cesarean Registry, African American women had the highest odds of undergoing general anesthesia for CD compared with Caucasian women. It is uncertain whether this disparity exists in current obstetric practice.
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